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Intracanal Metformin Promotes Healing of Apical Periodontitis via Suppressing Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression and Monocyte Recruitment.
肛内二甲双胍通过抑制诱导型一氧化氮合酶表达和单核细胞募集促进根尖周炎的愈合。
- 影响因子:3.69
- DOI:10.1016/j.joen.2019.10.001
- 作者列表:"Wang HW","Lai EH","Yang CN","Lin SK","Hong CY","Yang H","Chang JZ","Kok SH
- 发表时间:2020-01-01
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:We have previously shown that intracanal metformin ameliorates apical periodontitis, partially by modulation of osteoblast apoptosis. The action of metformin on other cell types pertinent to the development of apical periodontitis needs to be examined. In the present study, we aimed to analyze whether its effects on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and monocyte recruitment contribute to the therapeutic effect on apical periodontitis. METHODS:Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of iNOS in a human monocytic cell line, Mono-Mac-6, was assessed by Western blot. The amount of nitrite in culture medium was assessed to quantify nitric oxide (NO) production. C-C motif chemokine ligand-2 (CCL-2) synthesis was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Experimental apical periodontitis in rats was treated with root canal debridement with or without intracanal metformin medication. Lesion progression was assessed by conventional radiography and micro-computed tomographic imaging. Cellular expression of iNOS and the number of monocytes/macrophages were assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS:Metformin suppressed LPS-induced iNOS and NO production by monocytes. More importantly, metformin inhibited LPS-enhanced CCL-2 synthesis through modulation of the iNOS/NO pathway. Intracanal metformin reduced bone resorption associated with apical periodontitis and suppressed iNOS expression and monocyte recruitment. CONCLUSIONS:Our results confirmed the therapeutic efficacy of intracanal metformin for apical periodontitis. Suppression of monocyte recruitment through modulation of iNOS expression and NO production is an important mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of metformin.
摘要
引言: 我们以前的研究表明,肛内二甲双胍部分通过调节成骨细胞凋亡来改善根尖周炎。需要检查二甲双胍对与根尖周炎发展相关的其他细胞类型的作用。在本研究中,我们旨在分析其对诱导型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS) 表达和单核细胞募集的影响是否有助于根尖周炎的治疗作用。 方法: 通过Western blot检测脂多糖 (LPS) 诱导的人单核细胞系Mono-Mac-6 中iNOS的表达。评估培养基中亚硝酸盐的量以定量一氧化氮 (NO) 的产生。用酶联免疫吸附法测定C-C基序趋化因子ligand-2 (CCL-2) 合成。采用根管清创术治疗大鼠实验性根尖周炎,给予或不给予根管内二甲双胍药物治疗。通过常规x线摄影和显微计算机断层成像评估病变进展。通过免疫组织化学评估iNOS的细胞表达和单核/巨噬细胞的数量。 结果: 二甲双胍抑制LPS诱导的单核细胞产生iNOS和NO。更重要的是,二甲双胍通过调节iNOS/NO途径抑制LPS增强CCL-2 合成。肛内二甲双胍减少与根尖周炎相关的骨吸收,抑制iNOS表达和单核细胞募集。 结论: 我们的结果证实了根管内二甲双胍对根尖周炎的治疗效果。通过调节iNOS表达和NO产生抑制单核细胞募集是二甲双胍有益作用的重要机制。
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METHODS:BACKGROUND:The anterior oronasal fistulae neighboring the alveolar cleft could persist or reappear after the alveolar reconstruction with cancellous bone grafting. The persistent symptomatic anterior oronasal fistulae need to be repaired, but surgery remains a challenge in cleft care. Surprisingly, this issue has rarely been reported in the literature. The purpose of this long-term study was to report a single surgeon experience with a therapeutic protocol for persistent symptomatic anterior oronasal fistula repair. METHODS:This is a retrospective study of consecutive patients with Veau type III and IV clefts and persistent symptomatic anterior oronasal fistulae managed according to a therapeutic protocol from 1997 to 2018. Depending on fistula size, patients were treated with local flaps associated with an interpositional graft or two-stage tongue flaps (small/medium or large fistulae, respectively). The surgical outcomes were classified as "good" (complete fistula closure with no symptoms), "fair" (asymptomatic narrow fistula remained), or "poor" (failure with persistent symptoms). RESULTS:Forty-four patients with persistent symptomatic anterior oronasal fistulae were reconstructed with local flaps associated with interpositional fascia or dermal fat grafting (52.3%) or two-stage tongue flaps (47.7%). Most of patients (93.2%) presented "good" outcomes, ranging from 87% to 100% (local and tongue flaps, respectively). Three (6.8%) patients presented symptomatic residual fistula ("poor" outcomes). CONCLUSIONS:For the repair of persistent symptomatic anterior oronasal fistulae, this therapeutic protocol provided satisfactory outcome with low fistula recurrence rate.
METHODS:OBJECTIVE:Methadone is a vital treatment for women with opioid use disorder in pregnancy. Previous reports suggested an association between methadone exposure and Pierre Robin sequence (PRS), a rare craniofacial anomaly. We assessed the association between gestational methadone exposure and PRS. DESIGN/SETTING:This case-malformed control study used European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies population-based registries in Ireland, the Netherlands, Italy, Switzerland, Croatia, Malta, Portugal, Germany, Wales, Norway and Spain, 1995-2011. PATIENTS:Cases included PRS based on International Classification of Disease (ICD), Ninth Edition-British Paediatric Association (BPA) code 75 603 or ICD, Tenth Edition-BPA code Q8708. Malformed controls were all non-PRS anomalies, excluding genetic conditions, among live births, fetal deaths from 20 weeks' gestation and terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomalies. An exploratory analysis assessed the association between methadone exposure and other congenital anomalies (CAs) excluding PRS. Methadone exposure was ascertained from medical records and maternal interview. RESULTS:Among 87 979 CA registrations, there were 127 methadone-exposed pregnancies and 336 PRS cases. There was an association between methadone exposure and PRS (OR adjusted for registry 12.3, 95% CI 5.7 to 26.8). In absolute terms, this association reflects a risk increase from approximately 1-12 cases per 10 000 births. A raised OR was found for cleft palate (adjusted OR 5.0, 95% CI 2.7 to 9.2). CONCLUSIONS:These findings suggest that gestational methadone exposure is associated with PRS. The association may be explained by unmeasured confounding factors. The small increased risk of PRS in itself does not alter the risk-benefit balance for gestational methadone use. The association with cleft palate, a more common CA, should be assessed with independent data.
METHODS::Orthopedic treatment to improve deficient maxillary growth of cleft lip and palate patients is an important part of treatment. The success of this treatment is strongly dependent on the time of initiation of therapy. There has been a large controversy in the available literature regarding the skeletal age of these patients. The aim of the present study was to compare the skeletal age of cleft lip and palate patients with normal individuals.37 unilateral and 14 bilateral cleft lip and palate patients and 47 healthy individuals participated in this cross-sectional study. The patients were classified into 8 to 10 and 11 to 14-year-old individuals. Cervical vertebral maturational stage of participants was evaluated in the lateral cephalometry. The skeletal age of cleft lip and palate patients was compared with normal controls. Chi-square was used for statistical analysis. There was not a significant difference in the skeletal developmental stage of unilateral and bilateral cleft compared to their normal peers according to their age and sex. Also, significant difference in skeletal maturational stage of cleft lip and palate patients was not found between boys and girls (P = 0.8). Similarly, no significant difference was found in the skeletal age of the 3 studied groups without considering the age and sex of participants (P = 0.5). Regarding the similar skeletal maturational stage of cleft lip and palate patients with normal controls in our study, their maxillofacial orthopedic treatment can be initiated at similar time to normal peers.
颌部的疾病,包括颌畸形、颌骨囊肿、颌骨肿瘤等疾病。