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Zika virus and microcephaly in Southeast Asia: A cause for concern?
东南亚的寨卡病毒和小头畸形: 令人担忧?
- 影响因子:2.09
- DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2019.09.012
- 作者列表:"Kuadkitkan A","Wikan N","Sornjai W","Smith DR
- 发表时间:2020-01-01
Abstract
:Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito transmitted virus in the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, recently emerged to cause infections in more than 70 countries and territories around the world. While human infection is normally asymptomatic, it can also result in a mild febrile disease similar to dengue fever. However, when a pregnant woman is infected, ZIKV can cause fetal abnormalities including microcephaly. Evidence has suggested that ZIKV has circulated in Southeast Asia for more than a decade and yet cases of ZIKV associated microcephaly remain sparsely documented. This review seeks to collate the information currently existing on ZIKV associated microcephaly in Southeast Asia, and assess the potential future risk posed by this virus.
摘要
: 寨卡病毒 (ZIKV) 是黄病毒科 (flaviridae,Flavi virus) 中的一种蚊子传播的病毒,最近出现在全球 70 多个国家和地区引起感染。虽然人类感染通常是无症状的,但它也可能导致类似于登革热的轻度发热性疾病。然而,当孕妇感染时,ZIKV可引起包括小头畸形在内的胎儿异常。有证据表明,ZIKV在东南亚已经流传了十多年,但ZIKV相关小头症病例仍然很少有记录。本综述旨在整理东南亚ZIKV相关小头症目前存在的信息,并评估该病毒造成的潜在未来风险。
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METHODS::Impairments in social cognition have been frequently described in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) and are thought to be a hallmark of difficulties in social interactions. The present study addresses aspects that are critical for everyday social cognitive functioning but have received little attention so far. Sixteen children with 22q11.2DS and 22 controls completed 1 task of facial expression recognition, 1 task of attribution of facial expressions to faceless characters involved in visually presented social interactions, and 1 task of attribution of facial expressions to characters involved in aurally presented dialogues. All three tasks have in common to involve processing of emotions. All participants also completed two tasks of attention and two tasks of visual spatial perception, and their parents completed some scales regarding behavioural problems of their children. Patients performed worse than controls in all three tasks of emotion processing, and even worse in the second and third tasks. However, they performed above chance level in all three tasks, and the results were independent of IQ, age and gender. The analysis of error patterns suggests that patients tend to coarsely categorize situations as either attractive or repulsive and also that they have difficulties in differentiating emotions that are associated with threats. An isolated association between the tasks of emotion and behaviour was found, showing that the more frequently patients with 22q11.2DS perceive happiness where there is not, the less they exhibit aggressive behaviour.
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肌肉骨骼系统的先天性结构异常和畸形。