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Maternal occupational exposure to solvents and gastroschisis in offspring - National Birth Defects Prevention Study 1997-2011.

母亲对溶剂的职业暴露和后代腹裂-全国出生缺陷预防研究 1997-2011。

  • 影响因子:2.97
  • DOI:10.1136/oemed-2019-106147
  • 作者列表:"Spinder N","Almli LM","Desrosiers TA","Arnold KE","Bergman JEH","Kromhout H","Boezen HM","de Walle HEK","Rocheleau C","Reefhuis J
  • 发表时间:2020-03-01
Abstract

OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to assess the association between maternal occupational exposure to solvents and gastroschisis in offspring. METHODS:We used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a large population-based case-control study of major birth defects conducted in 10 US states from 1997 to 2011. Infants with gastroschisis were ascertained by active birth defects surveillance systems. Control infants without major birth defects were selected from vital records or birth hospital records. Self-reported maternal occupational histories were collected by telephone interview. Industrial hygienists reviewed this information to estimate exposure to aromatic, chlorinated and petroleum-based solvents from 1 month before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy. Cumulative exposure to solvents was estimated for the same period accounting for estimated exposure intensity and frequency, job duration and hours worked per week. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated to assess the association between exposure to any solvents or solvent classes, and gastroschisis risk. RESULTS:Among 879 cases and 7817 controls, the overall prevalence of periconceptional solvent exposure was 7.3% and 7.4%, respectively. Exposure to any solvent versus no exposure to solvents was not associated with gastroschisis after adjusting for maternal age (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.32), nor was an association noted for solvent classes. There was no exposure-response relationship between estimated cumulative solvent exposure and gastroschisis after adjusting for maternal age. CONCLUSION:Our study found no association between maternal occupational solvent exposure and gastroschisis in offspring. Further research is needed to understand risk factors for gastroschisis.

摘要

目的: 本研究的目的是评估母亲职业暴露溶剂与后代腹裂之间的关系。 方法: 我们使用了全国出生缺陷预防研究的数据,这是一项基于人群的 1997 年至 2011 年在美国 10 个州进行的主要出生缺陷病例对照研究。通过主动出生缺陷监测系统确定腹裂婴儿。从生命记录或出生医院记录中选择无重大出生缺陷的对照婴儿。通过电话访谈收集自我报告的母亲职业史。工业卫生学家审查了这些信息,以估计从受孕前 1 个月到妊娠早期暴露于芳香族、氯化和石油基溶剂的情况。估计同期溶剂累积暴露,考虑估计暴露强度和频率、工作持续时间和每周工作小时数。估计ORs和 95% ci,以评估暴露于任何溶剂或溶剂类别与腹裂风险之间的关联。 结果: 在 879 例病例和 7817 例对照中,常规溶剂暴露的总患病率分别为 7.3% 和 7.4%。在校正母亲年龄 (OR 1.00,95% ci 0.75 ~ 1.32) 后,暴露于任何溶剂与不暴露于溶剂与腹裂无关,也未注意到溶剂类别的相关性。校正母亲年龄后,估计的累积溶剂暴露与腹裂之间没有暴露-反应关系。 结论: 我们的研究发现母亲职业性溶剂暴露与后代腹裂之间没有关联。需要进一步的研究来了解腹裂的危险因素。

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发表时间:2020-03-01
DOI:10.1007/s00787-019-01345-1
作者列表:["Peyroux E","Babinet MN","Cannarsa C","Madelaine C","Favre E","Demily C","Michael GA"]

METHODS::Impairments in social cognition have been frequently described in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) and are thought to be a hallmark of difficulties in social interactions. The present study addresses aspects that are critical for everyday social cognitive functioning but have received little attention so far. Sixteen children with 22q11.2DS and 22 controls completed 1 task of facial expression recognition, 1 task of attribution of facial expressions to faceless characters involved in visually presented social interactions, and 1 task of attribution of facial expressions to characters involved in aurally presented dialogues. All three tasks have in common to involve processing of emotions. All participants also completed two tasks of attention and two tasks of visual spatial perception, and their parents completed some scales regarding behavioural problems of their children. Patients performed worse than controls in all three tasks of emotion processing, and even worse in the second and third tasks. However, they performed above chance level in all three tasks, and the results were independent of IQ, age and gender. The analysis of error patterns suggests that patients tend to coarsely categorize situations as either attractive or repulsive and also that they have difficulties in differentiating emotions that are associated with threats. An isolated association between the tasks of emotion and behaviour was found, showing that the more frequently patients with 22q11.2DS perceive happiness where there is not, the less they exhibit aggressive behaviour.

影响因子:0.95
发表时间:2020-02-01
DOI:10.1007/s11845-019-02039-y
作者列表:["Sheridan GA","Nagle M","Howells C","Gallagher O","Kiely PJ","O'Toole P","Kelly PM","Moore DP"]

METHODS:BACKGROUND:We describe the first radiographic clinic in the literature for DDH and how this novel clinic can significantly improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of service in a tertiary referral centre. AIMS:A radiographic clinic for the management of developmental dysplasia of the hip was introduced in 2017 in our institution. We performed a detailed cost analysis to assess the economic savings made with the introduction of this new clinic. We assessed the efficiency of the service by identifying how many unnecessary outpatient visits were prevented. We also assessed the difference in times from referral to review between the two clinics. METHODS:Analysis of the clinic activity in 2017 was possible as all data was collected prospectively by the DDH CNS and stored in our database. Cost analysis was performed, and the savings made per patient along with the financial benefit to our institution was recorded. RESULTS:The new radiographic clinic reduced the cost of reviewing one patient by €162.51 per patient. There was a 73% discharge rate from the clinic which prevented 251 unnecessary patient visits to the outpatient department over the course of the year. There was a significant 11-day reduction in waiting times between referral and review when comparing the radiographic to the conventional clinic (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:A radiographic clinic for the management of developmental dysplasia of the hip has a significant effect on the efficiency and overall cost-effectiveness of service provision in a tertiary referral centre.

翻译标题与摘要 下载文献
影响因子:2.43
发表时间:2020-01-15
DOI:10.5435/JAAOS-D-16-00918
作者列表:["Grigoryan G","Korcek L","Eidelman M","Paley D","Nelson S"]

METHODS:INTRODUCTION:Triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) involves periacetabular osteotomies of the ilium, ischium, and pubis to reorient the acetabulum. This operation is indicated in certain situations for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip, dysplastic neuromuscular hips, and for containment of the femoral head in cases of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. METHODS:This retrospective cohort study compares radiographic outcomes of patients who underwent TPO using two different techniques and describes a novel single-incision direct lateral approach. TPO was performed on 22 patients by the senior author. The first 10 patients underwent TPO through a single-incision anterolateral approach. The last 12 patients underwent TPO using the direct lateral approach. Preoperative and postoperative pelvic radiographs were reviewed for each patient, and the migration index and center-edge angle were recorded. RESULTS:The migration index and center-edge angle were evaluated and were not found to be significantly different between the anterolateral and direct lateral groups. The direct lateral approach is described. CONCLUSION:The direct lateral approach for TPO is equivalent to the anterolateral approach on radiographic evaluation. Advantages of the direct lateral approach include direct visualization of the ischial osteotomy, effective mobilization of the acetabulum, and safety of the sciatic nerve.

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