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Maternal occupational exposure to solvents and gastroschisis in offspring - National Birth Defects Prevention Study 1997-2011.
母亲对溶剂的职业暴露和后代腹裂-全国出生缺陷预防研究 1997-2011。
- 影响因子:2.97
- DOI:10.1136/oemed-2019-106147
- 作者列表:"Spinder N","Almli LM","Desrosiers TA","Arnold KE","Bergman JEH","Kromhout H","Boezen HM","de Walle HEK","Rocheleau C","Reefhuis J
- 发表时间:2020-03-01
Abstract
OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to assess the association between maternal occupational exposure to solvents and gastroschisis in offspring. METHODS:We used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a large population-based case-control study of major birth defects conducted in 10 US states from 1997 to 2011. Infants with gastroschisis were ascertained by active birth defects surveillance systems. Control infants without major birth defects were selected from vital records or birth hospital records. Self-reported maternal occupational histories were collected by telephone interview. Industrial hygienists reviewed this information to estimate exposure to aromatic, chlorinated and petroleum-based solvents from 1 month before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy. Cumulative exposure to solvents was estimated for the same period accounting for estimated exposure intensity and frequency, job duration and hours worked per week. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated to assess the association between exposure to any solvents or solvent classes, and gastroschisis risk. RESULTS:Among 879 cases and 7817 controls, the overall prevalence of periconceptional solvent exposure was 7.3% and 7.4%, respectively. Exposure to any solvent versus no exposure to solvents was not associated with gastroschisis after adjusting for maternal age (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.32), nor was an association noted for solvent classes. There was no exposure-response relationship between estimated cumulative solvent exposure and gastroschisis after adjusting for maternal age. CONCLUSION:Our study found no association between maternal occupational solvent exposure and gastroschisis in offspring. Further research is needed to understand risk factors for gastroschisis.
摘要
目的: 本研究的目的是评估母亲职业暴露溶剂与后代腹裂之间的关系。 方法: 我们使用了全国出生缺陷预防研究的数据,这是一项基于人群的 1997 年至 2011 年在美国 10 个州进行的主要出生缺陷病例对照研究。通过主动出生缺陷监测系统确定腹裂婴儿。从生命记录或出生医院记录中选择无重大出生缺陷的对照婴儿。通过电话访谈收集自我报告的母亲职业史。工业卫生学家审查了这些信息,以估计从受孕前 1 个月到妊娠早期暴露于芳香族、氯化和石油基溶剂的情况。估计同期溶剂累积暴露,考虑估计暴露强度和频率、工作持续时间和每周工作小时数。估计ORs和 95% ci,以评估暴露于任何溶剂或溶剂类别与腹裂风险之间的关联。 结果: 在 879 例病例和 7817 例对照中,常规溶剂暴露的总患病率分别为 7.3% 和 7.4%。在校正母亲年龄 (OR 1.00,95% ci 0.75 ~ 1.32) 后,暴露于任何溶剂与不暴露于溶剂与腹裂无关,也未注意到溶剂类别的相关性。校正母亲年龄后,估计的累积溶剂暴露与腹裂之间没有暴露-反应关系。 结论: 我们的研究发现母亲职业性溶剂暴露与后代腹裂之间没有关联。需要进一步的研究来了解腹裂的危险因素。
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METHODS::Impairments in social cognition have been frequently described in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) and are thought to be a hallmark of difficulties in social interactions. The present study addresses aspects that are critical for everyday social cognitive functioning but have received little attention so far. Sixteen children with 22q11.2DS and 22 controls completed 1 task of facial expression recognition, 1 task of attribution of facial expressions to faceless characters involved in visually presented social interactions, and 1 task of attribution of facial expressions to characters involved in aurally presented dialogues. All three tasks have in common to involve processing of emotions. All participants also completed two tasks of attention and two tasks of visual spatial perception, and their parents completed some scales regarding behavioural problems of their children. Patients performed worse than controls in all three tasks of emotion processing, and even worse in the second and third tasks. However, they performed above chance level in all three tasks, and the results were independent of IQ, age and gender. The analysis of error patterns suggests that patients tend to coarsely categorize situations as either attractive or repulsive and also that they have difficulties in differentiating emotions that are associated with threats. An isolated association between the tasks of emotion and behaviour was found, showing that the more frequently patients with 22q11.2DS perceive happiness where there is not, the less they exhibit aggressive behaviour.
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肌肉骨骼系统的先天性结构异常和畸形。