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Ventilator Mode Does Not Influence Blood Loss or Transfusion Requirements During Major Spine Surgery: A Retrospective Study.

呼吸机模式不影响大型脊柱手术期间的失血或输血需求: 一项回顾性研究。

  • 影响因子:2.27
  • DOI:10.1213/ANE.0000000000004322
  • 作者列表:"Dunn LK","Taylor DG","Chen CJ","Singla P","Fernández L","Wiedle CH","Hanak MF","Tsang S","Smith JS","Shaffrey CI","Nemergut EC","Durieux ME","Blank RS","Naik BI
  • 发表时间:2020-01-01
Abstract

BACKGROUND:Blood loss during adult spinal deformity surgery is multifactorial. Anesthetic-related factors, such as mode of mechanical ventilation, may contribute to intraoperative blood loss. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of ventilator mode and ventilator parameters on intraoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements in patients undergoing prone position spine surgery. METHODS:This single-center retrospective study examined electronic medical records of patients ≥18 years of age who underwent elective prone position spine surgery between May 2015 and June 2016. Associations between ventilator mode and ventilator parameters with intraoperative estimated blood loss (EBL), packed red blood cells (PRBCs), fresh-frozen plasma (FFP), cryoprecipitate and platelet transfusions, and subfascial drain output were examined using multiple linear regression models controlling for age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) physical status score, body mass index (BMI), preoperative blood coagulation parameters and laboratory values, operative levels, cage constructs, osteotomies, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions, laminectomies, reoperation, spine surgery invasiveness index, and operative time. In a secondary analysis, EBL, blood product transfusions, and postoperative drain output were compared between pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) propensity score-matched cohorts. RESULTS:Nine hundred forty-six records were reviewed, and 822 were included in the analysis. After adjusting for confounding, no statistically significant associations were observed between mode of ventilation and intraoperative EBL (estimate, -2; 95% confidence interval [CI], -248 to 245; P = .99) or blood product transfusions (PRBC: estimate, -9; 95% CI, -154 to 135; P = .90; FFP: estimate, -3; 95% CI, -59 to 54; P = .93; cryoprecipitate: estimate, -14; 95% CI, -70 to 43; P = .63; platelets: -7; 95% CI, -39 to 24; P = .64). After propensity score matching (n = 27 per group), no significant differences were observed in EBL (mean difference, 525 mL; 95% CI, -15 to 1065; P = .056) or blood transfusions (PRBC: mean difference, 208 mL; 95% CI, -23 to 439; P = .077; FFP (mean difference, 34 mL; 95% CI, -17 to 84; P = .19); cryoprecipitate (mean difference, 55 mL; 95% CI, -24 to 133; P = .17); or platelets (mean difference, 26 mL; 95% CI, -12 to 64; P = .18) between PCV and VCV groups. CONCLUSIONS:In prone position spine surgery, neither mode of mechanical ventilation nor airway pressure is associated with intraoperative blood loss or need for allogeneic transfusion. Use of modern ventilation strategies using lung protective techniques may mitigate differences in blood loss previously observed between PCV and VCV modes.

摘要

背景: 成人脊柱畸形手术中失血是多因素的。麻醉相关因素,如机械通气方式,可能导致术中出血量。本研究的目的是确定呼吸机模式和呼吸机参数对俯卧位脊柱手术患者术中出血量和输血需求的影响。 方法: 这项单中心回顾性研究检查了 2015 年 5 月至 2016 年 6 月期间接受择期俯卧位脊柱手术的 ≥ 18 岁患者的电子病历。呼吸机模式和呼吸机参数与术中估计失血量 (EBL) 、浓缩红细胞 (prbc) 、新鲜冰冻血浆 (FFP) 、冷沉淀和血小板输注的相关性,使用控制年龄、性别、美国麻醉医师协会 (ASA) 身体状况评分的多元线性回归模型检查和筋膜下引流输出。体重指数 (BMI),术前凝血参数和实验室值,手术水平,cage结构,截骨术,经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术,椎板切除术,再次手术,脊柱手术侵袭性指数,和手术时间。在二次分析中,比较了压力控制通气 (PCV) 和容量控制通气 (VCV) 倾向评分匹配队列之间的EBL、血液制品输注和术后引流输出。 结果: 回顾了 946 条记录,822 条纳入分析。调整混杂因素后,通气模式和术中EBL之间未观察到统计学显著相关性 (估计值,-2; 95% 置信区间 [CI],-248 至 245; P = .99) 或血液制品输血 (PRBC: 估计值,-9; 95% CI,-154 ~ 135; P =。90 岁;FFP: 估计值,-3; 95% CI,-59 ~ 54; P =。93; 冷沉淀: 估计值,-14; 95% CI,-70 ~ 43; P =。63; 血小板: -7; 95% CI,-39 ~ 24; P = .64)。倾向评分匹配后 (每组n = 27),未观察到EBL的显著差异 (平均差,525 mL; 95% CI,-15 至 1065; P = .056) 或输血 (PRBC: 平均差,208 mL; 95% CI,-23 ~ 439; P =。077;FFP (平均差,34 mL; 95% CI,-17 ~ 84; P = .19); 冷沉淀 (平均差,55 mL; 95% CI,-24 ~ 133); P = .17); 或血小板 (平均差,26 mL; 95% CI,-12 至 64; P = .18)PCV和VCV组之间。 结论: 在俯卧位脊柱手术中,无论是机械通气模式还是气道压力都与术中出血量或需要异体输血无关。使用使用肺保护技术的现代通气策略可以减轻以前在PCV和VCV模式之间观察到的失血量差异。

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影响因子:2.15
发表时间:2020-02-01
DOI:10.1007/s40520-019-01202-w
作者列表:["Gan J","Tu Q","Miao S","Lei T","Cui X","Yan J","Zhang J"]

METHODS:BACKGROUND:Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication after orthopedic surgery, which is not conducive to the prognosis of the elderly. AIMS:We performed this study to investigate the effects of oxycodone applied for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients after total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS:Ninety-nine participants were enrolled and allocated into two groups: oxycodone group (group O) and sufentanil group (group S). The primary outcome was the incidence of POCD, diagnosed according to the changes in the Mini-mental status examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. The secondary outcomes included the plasma levels of S-100B protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), the amount of postoperative analgesic consumption and the incidence of adverse reactions. RESULTS:The incidence of POCD was significantly lower in patients receiving oxycodone up to the 3rd postoperative day (POD, 1st POD 27.3% vs. 51.1%, P = 0.021; 3rd POD 20.5% vs. 40.0%, P = 0.045), as compared to patients receiving sufentanil. The MMSE and MoCA scores of both groups decreased to varying degrees. However, compared with group S, the MMSE scores at 1st POD, 3rd POD, 5th POD and 7st POD in group O were higher than that in group S, while MoCA scores at 1st POD, 3rd POD and 5th POD in group O were higher. Compared with group S, the plasma levels of S-100B protein in group O at 4 h, 8 h, 12 h post-surgery were lower. While the plasma levels of NSE in group O at 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h post-surgery were lower. Number of PCIA boluses and consumption of analgesic drug during the first two POD were similar between two groups. However, postoperative incidence of nausea, vomiting and pruritus was significantly lower in patients receiving oxycodone. CONCLUSION:Oxycodone applied for PCIA in elderly patients after THA could reduce the incidence of POCD, improve postoperative cognitive function and decrease the adverse reactions.

影响因子:1.69
发表时间:2020-02-01
DOI:10.1097/BPO.0000000000001393
作者列表:["Jain MJ","Inneh IA","Zhu H","Phillips WA"]

METHODS:BACKGROUND:Primary treatment for Blount disease has changed in the last decade from osteotomies or staples to tension band plate (TBP)-guided hemiepiphysiodesis. However, implant-related issues have been frequently reported with Blount cases. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the surgical failure rates of TBP in Blount disease and characterize predictors for failure. METHODS:We performed an Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective chart-review of pediatric patients with Blount disease to evaluate the results of TBP from 2008 to 2017 and a systematic literature review. Blount cases defined as pathologic tibia-vara with HKA (hip-knee-ankle) axis and MDA (metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle) deviations ≥11 degrees were included in the analysis. Surgical failure was categorized as mechanical and functional failure. We studied both patient and implant-related characteristics and compared our results with a systematic review. RESULTS:In 61 limbs of 40 patients with mean follow-up of 38 months, we found 41% (25/61) overall surgical failure rate and 11% (7/61) mechanical failure rate corresponding to 11% to 100% (range) and 0% to 50% (range) in 8 other studies. Statistical comparison between our surgical failure and nonfailure groups showed significant differences in deformity (P=0.001), plate material (P=0.042), and obesity (P=0.044) in univariate analysis. The odds of surgical failure increased by 1.2 times with severe deformity and 5.9 times with titanium TBP in the multivariate analysis after individual risk-factor adjustment. All 7 mechanical failures involved breakage of cannulated screws on the metaphyseal side. CONCLUSIONS:Most of the studies have reported high failure rates of TBP in Blount cases. Besides patient-related risk factors like obesity and deformity, titanium TBP seems to be an independent risk factor for failure. Solid screws were protective for mechanical failure, but not for functional failure. In conclusion, efficacy of TBP still needs to be proven in Blount disease and implant design may warrant reassessment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Level III-retrospective comparative study with a systematic review.

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影响因子:2.43
发表时间:2020-01-15
DOI:10.5435/JAAOS-D-18-00777
作者列表:["Chen DQ","Montgomery SR Jr","Cancienne JM","Werner BC"]

METHODS:INTRODUCTION:As cancer treatments continue to improve the overall survival rates, more patients with a history of cancer will present for anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Therefore, it is essential for orthopaedic surgeons to understand the differences in care required by this growing subpopulation. Although the current research suggests that good outcomes can be predicted when appropriately optimized patients with cancer undergo lower extremity total joint arthroplasty, similar studies for TSA are lacking. The primary study question was to examine whether a history of cancer was associated with an increased rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after TSA. Secondarily, we sought to examine any association between a history of prostate and breast cancer and surgical or medical complications after TSA. METHODS:Using a national insurance database, male patients with a history of prostate cancer and female patients with a history of breast cancer undergoing anatomic TSA for primary osteoarthritis were identified and compared with control subjects matched 3:1 based on age, sex, diabetes mellitus, and tobacco use. Patients with a history of VTE and patients who underwent reverse TSA or hemiarthroplasty were excluded. RESULTS:Female patients with a history of breast cancer and male patients with a history of prostate cancer undergoing TSA had significantly higher incidences of acute VTE (including deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism) compared with matched control subjects (female patients: odds ratio, 1.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.81; P = 0.024 and male patients: odds ratio, 1.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.79; P = 0.023). No significant differences were noted in the incidences of any other complications assessed. CONCLUSION:Although a personal history of these malignancies does represent a statistically significant risk factor for acute VTE after anatomic TSA, the overall VTE rate remains modest and acceptable. The rates of other surgical and medical complications are not significantly increased in patients with a history of these cancers after TSA compared with control subjects.

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