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PUMA - pooled uranium miners analysis: cohort profile.

PUMA-合并铀矿矿工分析: 队列概况。

  • 影响因子:2.97
  • DOI:10.1136/oemed-2019-105981
  • 作者列表:"Rage E","Richardson DB","Demers PA","Do M","Fenske N","Kreuzer M","Samet J","Wiggins C","Schubauer-Berigan MK","Kelly-Reif K","Tomasek L","Zablotska LB","Laurier D
  • 发表时间:2020-03-01
Abstract

OBJECTIVES:Epidemiological studies of underground miners have provided clear evidence that inhalation of radon decay products causes lung cancer. Moreover, these studies have served as a quantitative basis for estimation of radon-associated excess lung cancer risk. However, questions remain regarding the effects of exposure to the low levels of radon decay products typically encountered in contemporary occupational and environmental settings on the risk of lung cancer and other diseases, and on the modifiers of these associations. These issues are of central importance for estimation of risks associated with residential and occupational radon exposures. METHODS:The Pooled Uranium Miner Analysis (PUMA) assembles information on cohorts of uranium miners in North America and Europe. Data available include individual annual estimates of exposure to radon decay products, demographic and employment history information on each worker and information on vital status, date of death and cause of death. Some, but not all, cohorts also have individual information on cigarette smoking, external gamma radiation exposure and non-radiological occupational exposures. RESULTS:The PUMA study represents the largest study of uranium miners conducted to date, encompassing 124 507 miners, 4.51 million person-years at risk and 54 462 deaths, including 7825 deaths due to lung cancer. Planned research topics include analyses of associations between radon exposure and mortality due to lung cancer, cancers other than lung, non-malignant disease, modifiers of these associations and characterisation of overall relative mortality excesses and lifetime risks. CONCLUSION:PUMA provides opportunities to evaluate new research questions and to conduct analyses to assess potential health risks associated with uranium mining that have greater statistical power than can be achieved with any single cohort.

摘要

目的: 地下矿工的流行病学研究提供了吸入氡衰变产物导致肺癌的明确证据。此外,这些研究已作为估算与氡相关的过量肺癌风险的定量基础。然而,关于暴露于当代职业和环境环境中通常遇到的低水平氡衰变产物对肺癌和其他疾病风险的影响仍然存在问题,以及这些关联的修饰语。这些问题对于评估与住宅和职业氡暴露相关的风险至关重要。 方法: 聚铀矿工分析 (PUMA) 汇集了北美和欧洲铀矿矿工群体的信息。现有数据包括氡衰变产物暴露的个人年度估计数、每个工人的人口和就业历史信息以及生命状况、死亡日期和死亡原因的信息。一些 (但不是全部) 队列也有关于吸烟、外部 γ 辐射暴露和非放射性职业暴露的个人信息。 结果: PUMA研究代表了迄今为止进行的最大规模的铀矿矿工研究,包括 124-507 名矿工,4.51-百万人年的风险和 54-462 死亡,包括因肺癌死亡的 7825 人。计划的研究主题包括分析氡暴露与肺癌死亡率之间的关系,肺癌以外的癌症,非恶性疾病,这些关联的修饰语以及总体相对死亡率过度和终生风险的表征。 结论: PUMA提供了评估新研究问题和进行分析的机会,以评估与铀矿开采相关的潜在健康风险,这些风险具有比任何单一队列更大的统计能力。

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METHODS::Pulmonary artery sling is a rare congenital anomaly of the origin and course of the left pulmonary artery. Patients with this condition typically present with respiratory failure in young infancy, and asymptomatic cases are uncommon. We describe the case of an adult patient with a lung adenocarcinoma of the right upper lobe, extending into the hilum and superior mediastinum, and with a previously unknown pulmonary artery sling anomaly. The local invasiveness of the tumor and the peculiar vascular anatomy contributed to a unique surgical scenario, wherein multiple reconstructive procedures were required.

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影响因子:6.93
发表时间:2020-01-15
DOI:10.1002/ijc.32532
作者列表:["Hata A","Nakajima T","Matsusaka K","Fukuyo M","Morimoto J","Yamamoto T","Sakairi Y","Rahmutulla B","Ota S","Wada H","Suzuki H","Matsubara H","Yoshino I","Kaneda A"]

METHODS::Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have higher risk of developing lung cancer, for example, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and show poor prognosis, while the molecular basis has not been fully investigated. Here we conducted DNA methylome analysis of lung SCC using 20 SCC samples with/without IPF, and noncancerous lung tissue samples from smokers/nonsmokers, using Infinium HumanMethylation 450K array. SCC was clustered into low- and high-methylation epigenotypes by hierarchical clustering analysis. Genes hypermethylated in SCC significantly included genes targeted by polycomb repressive complex in embryonic stem cells, and genes associated with Gene Ontology terms, for example, "transcription" and "cell adhesion," while genes hypermethylated specifically in high-methylation subgroup significantly included genes associated with "negative regulation of growth." Low-methylation subgroup significantly correlated with IPF (78%, vs. 17% in high-methylation subgroup, p = 0.04), and the correlation was validated by additional Infinium analysis of SCC samples (n = 44 in total), and data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (n = 390). The correlation between low-methylation subgroup and IPF was further validated by quantitative methylation analysis of marker genes commonly hypermethylated in SCC (HOXA2, HOXA9 and PCDHGB6), and markers specifically hypermethylated in high-methylation subgroup (DLEC1, CFTR, MT1M, CRIP3 and ALDH7A1) in 77 SCC cases using pyrosequencing (p = 0.003). Furthermore, low-methylation epigenotype significantly correlated with poorer prognosis among all SCC patients, or among patients without IPF. Multivariate analysis showed that low-methylation epigenotype is an independent predictor of poor prognosis. These may suggest that lung SCC could be stratified into molecular subtypes with distinct prognosis, and low-methylation lung SCC that significantly correlates with IPF shows unfavorable outcome.

翻译标题与摘要 下载文献
影响因子:6.93
发表时间:2020-01-01
DOI:10.1002/ijc.32530
作者列表:["Zhang L","Yang Y","Chai L","Bu H","Yang Y","Huang H","Ran J","Zhu Y","Li L","Chen F","Li W"]

METHODS::The role of Fyn-related kinase (FRK) in malignant tumors remains controversial. Our study investigated the function of FRK in lung cancer. Immunohistochemistry staining and generating a knockout of FRK by CRISPR/Cas9 in H1299 (FRK-KO-H1299) cells were strategies used to explore the role of FRK. Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that FRK expression was elevated in 223 lung cancer tissues compared to 26 distant normal lung tissues. FRK contributed to poor survival status in lung cancer patients and acted as a predictor for poor prognosis of lung cancer. Knockout of FRK by CRISPR/Cas9 markedly inhibited proliferation, invasion, colony formation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in the lung cancer cell line H1299. Further exploration indicated that FRK-KO damaged the stemness phenotype of H1299 by inhibiting CD44 and CD133 expression. Seahorse detection and a U-13 C flux assay revealed that FRK-KO induced metabolism reprogramming by inhibiting the Warburg effect and changing the energy type in H1299 cells. Epidermal growth factor stimulation recovered the expression of FRK and biological functions, metabolic reprogramming and stemness phenotype of H1299 cells. FRK plays an oncogenic role in lung cancer cells via a novel regulation mechanism of enhancing the stemness of H1299 cells by inducing metabolism reprogramming, which finally promotes EMT and metastasis. Our study also indicates that FRK could be used as a potential therapeutic target for drug development.

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肺肿瘤,又叫支气管肺癌,是常见的恶性肿瘤之一。肺肿瘤的治疗为包括手术、中药、放疗、化疗及免疫等多学科的综合治疗。

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