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Variable Benefits of Antibody Induction by Kidney Allograft Type.

同种异体肾移植型抗体诱导的不同益处。

  • 影响因子:2.01
  • DOI:10.1016/j.jss.2019.11.015
  • 作者列表:"Williams AM","Barrett M","Smith AR","Kathawate RG","Woodside KJ","Sung RS
  • 发表时间:2020-04-01
Abstract

BACKGROUND:Kidneys from acute renal failure (ARF), expanded criteria donors (ECD), and donation after cardiac death (DCD) donors are often discarded due to concerns for delayed graft function (DGF) and graft failure. Induction immunosuppression may be used to minimize these risks, but practices vary widely. Furthermore, little is known regarding national outcomes of transplant recipients receiving induction immunosuppression for receipt of high-risk kidneys. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Using a center-level retrospective study, deceased donor transplants (115,485) from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients from January 2003 to June 2016 were evaluated. Patients who received induction immunosuppression, including lymphocyte immune globulin, muromonab CD-3, IL-1 receptor antagonist, anti-thymocyte globulin, daclizumab, basiliximab, alemtuzumab, and rituximab, were included. Associations of center-level induction use with acute rejection in the first post-transplant year, graft failure, and patient mortality were evaluated using multivariable Cox and logistic regression. RESULTS:Among all kidneys, increasing percentage of center-level induction was associated with lower risk of graft failure, acute rejection, and patient mortality. In recipients of ARF kidneys, the beneficial association of induction on graft failure and acute rejection was greater than in those that received non-ARF kidneys. Marginally greater benefit of induction was seen for acute rejection in ECD compared to standard criteria donor (SCD) recipients and for graft failure in DCD compared to donors after brain death (DBD). No benefit of induction was detected for patient and graft survival in ECD recipients, acute rejection in DCD recipients, and patient survival in DGF recipients. No difference in the benefit of induction was detected in any other comparisons. CONCLUSIONS:While seemingly beneficial for recipients of all kidneys, induction has more robust associations with lower graft failure and acute rejection probability for recipients of ARF kidneys. Given the lack of observed benefit for ECD recipients, induction policies should be carefully considered in these patients.

摘要

背景: 由于担心移植肾功能延迟 (DGF) 和移植失败,来自急性肾衰竭 (ARF) 、扩展标准供体 (ECD) 和心脏死亡后捐献 (DCD) 供体的肾脏经常被丢弃。诱导免疫抑制可用于使这些风险最小化,但实践差异很大。此外,对于接受诱导免疫抑制以接受高风险肾脏的移植受者的国家结局知之甚少。 材料和方法: 采用中心级回顾性研究,对2003年1月至2016年6月移植受者科学登记处的死亡供体移植 (115,485) 进行了评估。纳入接受诱导免疫抑制的患者,包括淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白、muromonab CD-3、IL-1受体拮抗剂、抗胸腺细胞球蛋白、daclizumab、巴利昔单抗、阿仑单抗和利妥昔单抗.使用多变量Cox和logistic回归评估中心级诱导使用与移植后第一年的急性排斥反应、移植物失败和患者死亡率的相关性。 结果: 在所有肾脏中,中心水平诱导的百分比增加与移植失败、急性排斥和患者死亡率的降低相关。在接受ARF肾的患者中,诱导移植物衰竭和急性排斥的有益相关性大于接受非ARF肾的患者。与标准标准供体 (SCD) 接受者相比,ECD中急性排斥的诱导益处稍大,与脑死亡后供体 (DBD) 相比,DCD中移植失败的诱导益处稍大。ECD受体的患者和移植物存活率、DCD受体的急性排斥反应和DGF受体的患者存活率均未检测到诱导的益处。在任何其他比较中没有检测到诱导益处的差异。 结论: 虽然对所有肾的受者似乎都有益,但诱导与ARF肾受者的移植失败和急性排斥概率更低有更强烈的关联。鉴于ECD接受者缺乏观察到的益处,在这些患者中应仔细考虑诱导政策。

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影响因子:1.44
发表时间:2020-01-01
DOI:10.1111/nep.13574
作者列表:["Mac K","Hedley J","Kelly PJ","Lee VW","Agar JWM","Hawley CM","Johnson DW","See EJ","Polkinghorne KR","Rabindranath KS","Sud K","Webster AC"]

METHODS:BACKGROUND:The use of haemodiafiltration (HDF) for the management of patients with end-stage kidney failure is increasing worldwide. Factors associated with HDF use have not been studied and may vary in different countries and jurisdictions. The aim of this study was to document the pattern of increase and variability in uptake of HDF in Australia and New Zealand, and to describe patient- and centre-related factors associated with its use. METHODS:Using the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, all incident patients commencing haemodialysis (HD) between 2000 and 2014 were included. The primary outcome was HDF commencement over time, which was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression stratified by country. RESULTS:Of 27 433 patients starting HD, 3339 (14.4%) of 23 194 patients in Australia and 810 (19.1%) of 4239 in New Zealand received HDF. HDF uptake increased over time in both countries but was more rapid in New Zealand than Australia. In Australia, HDF use was more likely in males (odds ratio (OR) 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-1.24, P = 0.009) and less likely with older age (reference <40 years; 40-54 years OR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.72-0.99; 55-69 years OR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.67-0.91; >70 years OR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.41-0.56); higher body mass index (body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m2 OR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.46-0.84; 18.5-29.9 kg/m2 reference; >30 kg/m2 OR = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.33-1.61), chronic lung disease (OR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.76-0.94; P < 0.001), cerebrovascular disease (OR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.67-0.85; P < 0.001) and peripheral vascular disease (OR = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.70-0.85; P < 0.001). No association was identified with race. In New Zealand, HDF use was more likely in Maori and Pacific Islanders (OR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.05-1.66) and Asians (OR = 1.75; 95% CI = 1.15-2.68) compared to Caucasians, and less likely in males (OR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.62-0.94; P = 0.01). No association was identified with BMI or co-morbidities. In both countries, centres with a higher ratio of HD to peritoneal dialysis (PD) were more likely to prescribe HDF. Larger Australian centres were more likely to prescribe HDF (36-147 new patients/year OR = 26.75, 95% CI = 18.54-38.59; 17-35/year OR = 7.51, 95% CI = 5.35-10.55; 7-16/year OR = 3.00; 95% CI = 2.19-4.13; ≤6/year reference). CONCLUSION:Haemodiafiltration uptake is increasing, variable and associated with both patient and centre characteristics. Centre characteristics not explicitly captured elsewhere explained 36% of variability in HDF uptake in Australia and 48% in New Zealand.

翻译标题与摘要 下载文献
影响因子:1.44
发表时间:2020-01-01
DOI:10.1111/nep.13586
作者列表:["Touzot M","Seris P","Maheas C","Vanmassenhove J","Langlois AL","Moubakir K","Laplanche S","Petitclerc T","Ridel C","Lavielle M"]

METHODS:AIM:Clinical interpretation of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in haemodialysis (HD) patients for fluid management remains elusive. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective observational monocentric study. We built a mathematical model to predict BNP levels, using multiple linear regressions. Fifteen clinical/biological characteristics associated with BNP variation were selected. A first cohort of 150 prevalent HD (from September 2015 to March 2016) was used to build several models. The best model proposed was internally validated in an independent cohort of 75 incidents HD (from March 2016 to December 2017). RESULTS:In cohort 1, mean BNP level was 630 ± 717 ng/mL. Cardiac disease (CD - stable coronary artery disease and/or atrial fibrillation) was present in 45% of patients. The final model includes age, systolic blood pressure, albumin, CD, normo-hydrated weight (NHW) and the fluid overload (FO) assessed by bio-impedancemetry. The correlation between the measured and the predicted log-BNP was 0.567 and 0.543 in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. Age (β = 3.175e-2 , P < 0.001), CD (β = 5.243e-1 , P < 0.001) and FO (β = 1.227e-1 , P < 0.001) contribute most significantly to the BNP level, respectively, but within a certain range. We observed a logistic relationship between BNP and age between 30 and 60 years, after which this relationship was lost. BNP level was inversely correlated with NHW independently of CD. Finally, our model allows us to predict the BNP level according to the FO. CONCLUSION:We developed a mathematical model capable of predicting the BNP level in HD. Our results show the complex contribution of age, CD and FO on BNP level.

翻译标题与摘要 下载文献
影响因子:1.44
发表时间:2020-01-01
DOI:10.1111/nep.13588
作者列表:["Yeh EL","Chen CH","Huang SC","Huang YC"]

METHODS:AIM:The removal of cysteine during a dialysis procedure may affect glutathione (GSH) concentration, allowing haemodialysis (HD) patients to become more susceptible to oxidative damage. This study was performed to determine whether the change of GSH/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) redox state and GSH redox potential were linked with the change of cysteine or oxidative stress in patients receiving HD treatment. METHODS:Sixty-seven HD patients who had received regular HD treatment were recruited. Plasma GSH, GSSG, cysteine and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured at both pre- and post-HD. RESULTS:Plasma cysteine, GSH and GSSG levels significantly decreased after the completion of HD, compared to the levels at pre-HD. Plasma MDA concentration, GSH/GSSG ratio and GSH redox potential remained constant during the dialysis session. Plasma GSH and GSSG were positively associated with plasma MDA at post-HD, while GSH redox potential was negatively associated with plasma MDA at post-HD. However, plasma GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG ratio and GSH redox potential were not associated with plasma cysteine at either pre- or post-HD. CONCLUSION:The GSH and GSSG levels were significantly utilized during a HD session, and their levels were significantly associated with increased oxidative stress. HD patients may require higher GSH demands to cope with increased oxidative stress during an HD session.

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肾脏替代治疗方向

肾脏功能在受到损害后绝大多数情况下为不可逆的过程,在进入到终末期之后只能采取肾脏替代治疗。肾脏替代治疗一般分成三类:肾脏移植、血液透析和腹膜透析。

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