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Differential regulation of Kidins220 isoforms in Huntington's disease.

Kidins220 亚型在亨廷顿病中的差异调节。

  • 影响因子:3.92
  • DOI:10.1111/bpa.12761
  • 作者列表:"Sebastián-Serrano Á","Simón-García A","Belmonte-Alfaro A","Pose-Utrilla J","Santos-Galindo M","Del Puerto A","García-Guerra L","Hernández IH","Schiavo G","Campanero MR","Lucas JJ","Iglesias T
  • 发表时间:2020-01-01
Abstract

:Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by brain atrophy particularly in the striatum that produces motor impairment, and cognitive and psychiatric disturbances. Multiple pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed including dysfunctions in neurotrophic support and calpain-overactivation, among others. Kinase D-interacting substrate of 220 kDa (Kidins220), also known as ankyrin repeat-rich membrane spanning (ARMS), is an essential mediator of neurotrophin signaling. In adult brain, Kidins220 presents two main isoforms that differ in their carboxy-terminal length and critical protein-protein interaction domains. These variants are generated through alternative terminal exon splicing of the conventional exon 32 (Kidins220-C32) and the recently identified exon 33 (Kidins220-C33). The lack of domains encoded by exon 32 involved in key neuronal functions, including those controlling neurotrophin pathways, pointed to Kidins220-C33 as a form detrimental for neurons. However, the functional role of Kidins220-C33 in neurodegeneration or other pathologies, including HD, has not been explored. In the present work, we discover an unexpected selective downregulation of Kidins220-C33, in the striatum of HD patients, as well as in the R6/1 HD mouse model starting at early symptomatic stages. These changes are C33-specific as Kidins220-C32 variant remains unchanged. We also find the early decrease in Kidins220-C33 levels takes place in neurons, suggesting an unanticipated neuroprotective role for this isoform. Finally, using ex vivo assays and primary neurons, we demonstrate that Kidins220-C33 is downregulated by mechanisms that depend on the activation of the protease calpain. Altogether, these results strongly suggest that calpain-mediated Kidins220-C33 proteolysis modulates onset and/or progression of HD.

摘要

: 亨廷顿病 (HD) 是一种遗传性进行性神经退行性疾病,以脑萎缩为特征,特别是在纹状体中产生运动障碍,以及认知和精神障碍。提出了多种致病机制,包括神经营养支持功能障碍和钙蛋白酶过度激活等。220 kDa 的激酶 D 相互作用底物 (Kidins220),也称为锚蛋白富含重复序列的跨膜 (ARMS),是神经营养素信号传导的必需介质。在成人大脑中,Kidins220 呈现两种主要亚型,它们的羧基端长度和关键蛋白-蛋白相互作用结构域不同。这些变异是通过常规外显子 32 (Kidins220-C32) 和最近发现的外显子 33 (Kidins220-C33) 的选择性末端外显子剪接产生的。外显子 32 编码的涉及关键神经元功能的结构域的缺乏,包括那些控制神经营养素通路的功能域,指出 Kidins220-C33 是对神经元有害的形式。然而,Kidins220-C33 在神经退行性病变或包括 HD 在内的其他病理中的功能作用尚未被探索。在目前的工作中,我们发现了一个意想不到的选择性下调 Kidins220-C33,在 HD 患者的纹状体,以及在 R6/1 HD 小鼠模型中,从早期症状阶段开始。这些变化是 C33-specific 的,因为 Kidins220-C32 变体保持不变。我们还发现 Kidins220-C33 水平的早期降低发生在神经元中,这表明这种亚型的神经保护作用是意料之外的。最后,使用离体试验和原代神经元,我们证明了依赖于蛋白酶 calpain 激活的机制下调了 Kidins220-C33。总之,这些结果强烈提示钙蛋白酶介导的 Kidins220-C33 蛋白水解调节 HD 的发生和/或进展。

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DOI:10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104725
作者列表:["Aimé P","Karuppagounder SS","Rao A","Chen Y","Burke RE","Ratan RR","Greene LA"]

METHODS::Identifying disease-causing pathways and drugs that target them in Parkinson's disease (PD) has remained challenging. We uncovered a PD-relevant pathway in which the stress-regulated heterodimeric transcription complex CHOP/ATF4 induces the neuron prodeath protein Trib3 that in turn depletes the neuronal survival protein Parkin. Here we sought to determine whether the drug adaptaquin, which inhibits ATF4-dependent transcription, could suppress Trib3 induction and neuronal death in cellular and animal models of PD. Neuronal PC12 cells and ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons were assessed in vitro for survival, transcription factor levels and Trib3 or Parkin expression after exposure to 6-hydroxydopamine or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium with or without adaptaquin co-treatment. 6-hydroxydopamine injection into the medial forebrain bundle was used to examine the effects of systemic adaptaquin on signaling, substantia nigra dopaminergic neuron survival and striatal projections as well as motor behavior. In both culture and animal models, adaptaquin suppressed elevation of ATF4 and/or CHOP and induction of Trib3 in response to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and/or 6-hydroxydopamine. In culture, adaptaquin preserved Parkin levels, provided neuroprotection and preserved morphology. In the mouse model, adaptaquin treatment enhanced survival of dopaminergic neurons and substantially protected their striatal projections. It also significantly enhanced retention of nigrostriatal function. These findings define a novel pharmacological approach involving the drug adaptaquin, a selective modulator of hypoxic adaptation, for suppressing Parkin loss and neurodegeneration in toxin models of PD. As adaptaquin possesses an oxyquinoline backbone with known safety in humans, these findings provide a firm rationale for advancing it towards clinical evaluation in PD.

翻译标题与摘要 下载文献
影响因子:3.92
发表时间:2020-01-01
DOI:10.1111/bpa.12761
作者列表:["Sebastián-Serrano Á","Simón-García A","Belmonte-Alfaro A","Pose-Utrilla J","Santos-Galindo M","Del Puerto A","García-Guerra L","Hernández IH","Schiavo G","Campanero MR","Lucas JJ","Iglesias T"]

METHODS::Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by brain atrophy particularly in the striatum that produces motor impairment, and cognitive and psychiatric disturbances. Multiple pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed including dysfunctions in neurotrophic support and calpain-overactivation, among others. Kinase D-interacting substrate of 220 kDa (Kidins220), also known as ankyrin repeat-rich membrane spanning (ARMS), is an essential mediator of neurotrophin signaling. In adult brain, Kidins220 presents two main isoforms that differ in their carboxy-terminal length and critical protein-protein interaction domains. These variants are generated through alternative terminal exon splicing of the conventional exon 32 (Kidins220-C32) and the recently identified exon 33 (Kidins220-C33). The lack of domains encoded by exon 32 involved in key neuronal functions, including those controlling neurotrophin pathways, pointed to Kidins220-C33 as a form detrimental for neurons. However, the functional role of Kidins220-C33 in neurodegeneration or other pathologies, including HD, has not been explored. In the present work, we discover an unexpected selective downregulation of Kidins220-C33, in the striatum of HD patients, as well as in the R6/1 HD mouse model starting at early symptomatic stages. These changes are C33-specific as Kidins220-C32 variant remains unchanged. We also find the early decrease in Kidins220-C33 levels takes place in neurons, suggesting an unanticipated neuroprotective role for this isoform. Finally, using ex vivo assays and primary neurons, we demonstrate that Kidins220-C33 is downregulated by mechanisms that depend on the activation of the protease calpain. Altogether, these results strongly suggest that calpain-mediated Kidins220-C33 proteolysis modulates onset and/or progression of HD.

翻译标题与摘要 下载文献
影响因子:3.66
发表时间:2020-01-24
DOI:10.3233/JAD-191069
作者列表:["Mendes FR","Leclerc JL","Liu L","Kamat PK","Naziripour A","Hernandez D","Li C","Ahmad AS","Doré S"]

METHODS:BACKGROUND:Neuroinflammation has been recognized as an important factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). One of the most recognized pathways in mediating neuroinflammation is the prostaglandin E2-EP1 receptor pathway. OBJECTIVE:Here, we examined the efficacy of the selective EP1 antagonist ONO-8713 in limiting amyloid-β (Aβ), lesion volumes, and behavioral indexes in AD mouse models after ischemic stroke. METHODS:Transgenic APP/PS1, 3xTgAD, and wildtype (WT) mice were subjected to permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (pdMCAO) and sham surgeries. Functional outcomes, memory, anatomical outcomes, and Aβ concentrations were assessed 14 days after surgery. RESULTS:pdMCAO resulted in significant deterioration in functional and anatomical outcomes in the transgenic mice compared with the WT mice. No relevant differences were observed in the behavioral tests when comparing the ONO-8713 and vehicle-treated groups. Significantly lower cavitation (p = 0.0373) and percent tissue loss (p = 0.0247) were observed in APP/PS1 + ONO-8713 mice compared with the WT + ONO-8713 mice. However, the percent tissue injury was significantly higher in APP/PS1 + ONO-8713 mice compared with WT + ONO-8713 group (p = 0.0373). Percent tissue loss was also significantly lower in the 3xTgAD + ONO-8713 mice than in the WT + ONO-8713 mice (p = 0.0185). ONO-8713 treatment also attenuated cortical microgliosis in APP/PS1 mice as compared with the vehicle (p = 0.0079); however, no differences were observed in astrogliosis across the groups. Finally, APP/PS1 mice presented characteristic Aβ load in the cortex while 3xTgAD mice exhibited very low Aβ levels. CONCLUSION:In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, EP1 receptor antagonist ONO-8713 showed modest benefits on anatomical outcomes after stroke, mainly in APP/PS1 mice.

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