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NIR-dye based mucoadhesive nanosystem for photothermal therapy in breast cancer cells.
基于 NIR-染料的粘膜粘附纳米系统用于乳腺癌细胞的光热治疗。
- 影响因子:3.92
- DOI:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111901
- 作者列表:"Jogdand A","Alvi SB","Rajalakshmi PS","Rengan AK
- 发表时间:2020-07-01
Abstract
:Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in women, worldwide. The average survival rate of patients suffering from advanced breast cancer is about 27% for five years. Photothermal therapy employing biodegradable nanoparticle are extensively researched for enhanced anticancer therapy in breast cancer treatment. In the current study, we report a chitosan based mucoadherant and biodegradable niosome nanoparticle entrapping near infrared (NIR) dye (IR 806) for the treatment of breast cancer. Niosome entrapping IR 806 (NioIR) showed encapsulation efficacy of about 56 ± 2%. The prepared nanoparticles (NioIR) were further coated with chitosan (NioIR-C) to impart mucoadhesive property to the nanosystem. NioIR-C showed minimal degradation following NIR laser irradiation, thus enhancing its photothermal stability. They also exhibited efficient photothermal transduction, when compared with IR 806 dye. NioIR-C were biocompatible when treated with normal cell lines (NIH 3T3 and L929) and showed cytotoxicity towards breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231). When triggered with NIR laser, NioIR-C showed photothermal cell death (approximately 93%). The presence of chitosan coating on NioIR led to mucoadherence potential that further enhances the therapeutic effect on breast cancer cells when compared with IR 806 dye and NioIR. Thus NioIR-C can be a promising nanosystem for effective treatment of breast cancer using photothermal therapy.
摘要
: 乳腺癌是全球妇女死亡的主要原因之一。患晚期乳腺癌的患者五年平均生存率约为 27%。采用可生物降解纳米颗粒的光热疗法被广泛研究用于乳腺癌治疗中的增强抗癌治疗。在目前的研究中,我们报道了一种基于壳聚糖的粘液粘附剂和可生物降解的 niosome 纳米颗粒包埋近红外 (NIR) 染料 (IR 806) 用于治疗乳腺癌。Niosome 包埋 IR 806 (NioIR) 显示包封率约为 56 ± 2%。将制备的纳米颗粒 (NioIR) 进一步包覆壳聚糖 (NioIR-C),赋予纳米系统粘膜粘附性。NioIR-C 在 NIR 激光辐照后表现出最小的降解,从而增强了其光热稳定性。与 IR 806 染料相比,它们还表现出高效的光热转导。NioIR-C 与正常细胞系 (NIH 3T3 和 L929) 处理后具有生物相容性,对乳腺癌细胞系显示出细胞毒性 (MCF-7 和 MDA-MB 231)。当用 NIR 激光触发时,NioIR-C 显示光热细胞死亡 (约 93%)。与 IR 806 染料和 NioIR 相比,NioIR 上壳聚糖涂层的存在导致了进一步增强对乳腺癌细胞治疗效果的粘液粘附潜能。因此,NioIR-C 可以是一种有前途的纳米系统,用于使用光热疗法有效治疗乳腺癌。
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METHODS::The emerging significance of the bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) role in the extraoral tissues alludes to their potential role in many pathophysiological conditions. The dysregulation of T2R expression and function in disease conditions has now been demonstrated in airways diseases, neurological disorders, and in some cancers. However, the role of T2Rs in the pathophysiology of breast cancer is unexplored thus far. Previously, we demonstrated differential expression of the 25 T2Rs in breast cancer (BC) cells. Based on our previous findings we selected two T2Rs, T2R4 and T2R14 for this work. The objective of the current study is to investigate the expression of T2R4 and T2R14 in BC clinical samples and to examine their physiological role using highly metastatic BC and non-cancerous cell lines. Using approaches, which involve receptor knockdown, pharmacological activation and biochemical assays we report that (i) T2R4 and T2R14 expression patterns are dissimilar, with decreased levels of T2R4 and increased levels of T2R14 in BC clinical samples compared to non-cancerous controls. (ii) Activation of T2Rs with their respective agonist elicited physiological responses in metastatic breast cancer cells, and no responses were seen in non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. (iii) Agonist activation of T2Rs (irrespective of T2R subtype) induced anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-migratory responses in highly metastatic breast cancer cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the chemosensory T2R signaling network is involved in evoking physiological responses in the metastatic breast cancer cell line.
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METHODS:BACKGROUND:Increased usage of genomic risk assessment assays suggests increased reliance on data provided by these assays to guide therapy decisions. The current study aimed to assess the change in treatment decision and physician confidence based on the 70-gene risk of recurrence signature (70-GS, MammaPrint) and the 80-gene molecular subtype signature (80-GS, BluePrint) in early stage breast cancer patients. METHODS:IMPACt, a prospective, case-only study, enrolled 452 patients between November 2015 and August 2017. The primary objective population included 358 patients with stage I-II, hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. The recommended treatment plan and physician confidence were captured before and after receiving results for 70-GS and 80-GS. Treatment was started after obtaining results. The distribution of 70-GS High Risk (HR) and Low Risk (LR) patients was evaluated, in addition to the distribution of 80-GS compared to IHC status. RESULTS:The 70-GS classified 62.5% (n = 224/358) of patients as LR and 37.5% (n = 134/358) as HR. Treatment decisions were changed for 24.0% (n = 86/358) of patients after receiving 70-GS and 80-GS results. Of the LR patients initially prescribed CT, 71.0% (44/62) had CT removed from their treatment recommendation. Of the HR patients not initially prescribed CT, 65.1% (41/63) had CT added. After receiving 70-GS results, CT was included in 83.6% (n = 112/134) of 70-GS HR patient treatment plans, and 91.5% (n = 205/224) of 70-GS LR patient treatment plans did not include CT. For patients who disagreed with the treatment recommended by their physicians, most (94.1%, n = 16/17) elected not to receive CT when it was recommended. For patients whose physician-recommended treatment plan was discordant with 70-GS results, discordance was significantly associated with age and lymph node status. CONCLUSIONS:The IMPACt trial showed that treatment plans were 88.5% (n = 317/358) in agreement with 70-GS results, indicating that physicians make treatment decisions in clinical practice based on the 70-GS result. In clinically high risk, 70-GS Low Risk patients, there was a 60.0% reduction in treatment recommendations that include CT. Additionally, physicians reported having greater confidence in treatment decisions for their patients in 72% (n = 258/358) of cases after receiving 70-GS results. TRIAL REGISTRATION:"Measuring the Impact of MammaPrint on Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Treatment in Breast Cancer Patients: A Prospective Registry" (NCT02670577) retrospectively registered on Jan 27, 2016.