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CT and MRI features of calvarium and skull base osteosarcoma (CSBO).

颅骨和颅底骨肉瘤 (CSBO) 的CT和MRI特征。

  • 影响因子:2.12
  • DOI:10.1259/bjr.20190653
  • 作者列表:"Luo Z","Chen W","Shen X","Qin G","Yuan J","Hu B","Lyu J","Pan D
  • 发表时间:2020-01-01
Abstract

OBJECTIVE:This study aims to assess the CT and MRI features of calvarium and skull base osteosarcoma (CSBO). METHODS:The CT and MRI features and pathological characteristics of 12 cases of pathologically confirmed CSBO were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS:12 patients (age range 9-67 years; 3 male, 9 female) were included in the study. Tumours occurred in skull base (7, 58.3%), temporal (4, 33.3%) and frontal (1, 8.3%). Among all, six patients received radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. According to pathology, 11 out of 12 tumours were high-grade (91.7%). On CT, all the tumours had soft tissue mass penetrated into cortical bone with invasion of surrounding soft tissue. Six tumours were shown to have lytic density and six were mixed density. Matrix mineralization was present in 10 cases (83.3%). On MRI, tumours presented as soft-tissue masses measuring 5.9 ± 2.4 (3.9-8.0) cm. Five tumours showed low signal intensities on T1 weighted imaging with seven having heterogeneous signal intensities. One showed low signal intensity on T2 weighted imaging, two showed high signal intensities and nine heterogeneous signal intensities. All the tumours showed low signal intensities on diffusion-weighted imaging. On contrast enhanced images, seven cases showed heterogeneous enhancement, three showed peripheral enhancementand and two showed homogeneous enhancement. Dural tail sign were detected in nine cases. CONCLUSION:CSBO is rare, and is commonly associated with previous radiation exposure. A presumptive diagnosis for osteosarcoma should be considered when calvarium and skull base tumours with osteoid matrix and duraltail sign are found. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE:CT and MR features of CSBO have not been reported. The study helps to identify CSBO and other sarcomas.

摘要

目的: 探讨颅骨和颅底骨肉瘤 (CSBO) 的CT和MRI表现。 方法: 回顾性分析 12 例经病理证实的CSBO的CT、MRI表现及病理特点。 结果: 12 例患者 (年龄范围 9-67 岁; 3 例男性,9 例女性) 纳入研究。肿瘤发生于颅底 (58.3%) 、颞部 (33.3%) 和额部 (8.3%)。其中 6 例接受鼻咽癌放射治疗。根据病理,12 个肿瘤中有 11 个为高级别 (91.7%)。在CT上,所有肿瘤均有软组织肿块穿透皮质骨,并侵犯周围软组织。6 个肿瘤显示有溶解密度,6 个为混合密度。基质矿化 10 例 (83.3%)。在MRI上,肿瘤表现为软组织肿块,测量 5.9 ± 2.4 (3.9-8.0) cm。5 个肿瘤在T1 加权成像上显示低信号强度,7 个信号强度不均匀。1 例在T2 加权成像上显示低信号强度,2 例显示高信号强度,9 例不均匀信号强度。所有肿瘤在扩散加权成像上均显示低信号。增强图像上,7 例表现为不均匀增强,3 例表现为外周增强,2 例表现为均匀增强。9 例检出硬膜尾征。 结论: CSBO罕见,且通常与既往辐射暴露有关。当发现伴有类骨质基质和duraltail征的颅骨和颅底肿瘤时,应考虑骨肉瘤的推定诊断。 知识进展: CSBO的CT和MR特征尚未见报道。该研究有助于鉴别CSBO和其他肉瘤。

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影响因子:2.12
发表时间:2020-03-01
DOI:10.1259/bjr.20180883
作者列表:["Tran S","Puric E","Walser M","Poel R","Datta NR","Heuberger J","Pica A","Marder D","Lomax N","Bolsi A","Morach P","Bachtiary B","Seddon BM","Schneider R","Bodis S","Weber DC"]

METHODS:OBJECTIVE:Large inoperable sacral chordomas show unsatisfactory local control rates even when treated with high dose proton therapy (PT). The aim of this study is assessing feasibility and reporting early results of patients treated with PT and concomitant hyperthermia (HT). METHODS: :Patients had histologically proven unresectable sacral chordomas and received 70 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) in 2.5 Gy fractions with concomitant weekly HT. Toxicity was assessed according to CTCAE_v4. A volumetric tumor response analysis was performed. RESULTS: :Five patients were treated with the combined approach. Median baseline tumor volume was 735 cc (range, 369-1142). All patients completed PT and received a median of 5 HT sessions (range, 2-6). Median follow-up was 18 months (range, 9-26). The volumetric analysis showed an objective response of all tumors (median shrinkage 46%; range, 9-72). All patients experienced acute Grade 2-3 local pain. One patient presented with a late Grade 3 iliac fracture. CONCLUSION:Combining PT and HT in large inoperable sacral chordomas is feasible and causes acceptable toxicity. Volumetric analysis shows promising early results, warranting confirmation in the framework of a prospective trial. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: :This is an encouraging first report of the feasibility and early results of concomitant HT and PT in treating inoperable sacral chordoma.

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影响因子:1.41
发表时间:2020-03-01
DOI:10.1177/1078155219842277
作者列表:["Gyori DJ","Bullington SM","Crawford BS","Vernon VP"]

METHODS:BACKGROUND:National guidelines recommend screening and treatment for cancer-related bone disease and continued monitoring of bone-modifying agents. It is unclear whether a standardized screening tool is utilized to identify eligible patients and ensure appropriate supportive care is implemented. The purpose of this study was to evaluate current prescribing practices and optimize management of bone-modifying agents. METHODS:A retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients who received hormone deprivation therapy or had bone metastases through Hematology/Oncology or Urology clinics from 1 November 2016 to 31 October 2017. The primary endpoints of this study were the incidence of completed baseline dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan for patients on hormone deprivation therapy and percent of patients started on a bone-modifying agent for the prevention of skeletal-related events secondary to bone metastasis. Secondary endpoints included percent of patients with dental examinations prior to initiation, adequate calcium and vitamin D supplementation, incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaw or flu-like symptoms and education, and percent of bisphosphonate doses appropriately adjusted based on renal function. RESULTS:A total of 375 patients were assessed for baseline DEXA scans and bone-modifying therapy. Of the 226 patients on hormone deprivation therapy, 111 (49%) patients were appropriately screened with a DEXA scan prior to initiation of hormone deprivation therapy. Among the 149 patients with bone metastases, only 94 (63.1%) patients were started on a bone-modifying agent. CONCLUSIONS:Opportunities have been identified to optimize management of patients with cancer-related bone disease. Implementation of standardized tools may increase the rate of appropriate screening and initiation of bone-modifying therapy when warranted.

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影响因子:2.83
发表时间:2020-01-01
DOI:10.1007/s00520-019-04843-9
作者列表:["Dohzono S","Sasaoka R","Takamatsu K","Hoshino M","Nakamura H"]

METHODS:PURPOSE:Low skeletal muscle mass has been associated with poor prognosis in patients with advanced lung cancer. However, little is known about the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and overall survival in patients with bone metastases from lung cancer. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of low trunk muscle mass in predicting overall survival in these patients. METHODS:The data from 198 patients who were diagnosed with bone metastases from lung cancer from April 2009 to May 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The areas of the psoas and paravertebral muscles were measured at the level of the third lumbar vertebra on computed tomography scans taken at the time nearest to the diagnosis of bone metastasis. Muscle area was evaluated for male and female cohorts separately using different cutoff points. Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to evaluate the factors independently associated with overall survival. RESULTS:The overall survival of patients in the lowest quartile for psoas muscle area or paravertebral muscle area was significantly shorter than that of patients above the 25th percentile for muscle area (p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that paravertebral muscle mass (hazard ratio, 1.73; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-2.56; p = 0.006), epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapy, and performance status were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS:Low paravertebral muscle mass was associated with shorter survival, independently of known prognostic factors.

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骨肿瘤方向

骨肿瘤是发生于骨骼或其附属组织的肿瘤。有良性,恶性之分,良性骨肿瘤易根治,预后良好,恶性骨肿瘤发展迅速,预后不佳,死亡率高。

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