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Extendable Endoprostheses in Skeletally Immature Patients: A Study of 124 Children Surviving More Than 10 Years After Resection of Bone Sarcomas.
骨骼发育不成熟患者的可伸展内假体: 一项对 124 例骨肉瘤切除术后存活 10 年以上儿童的研究。
- 影响因子:3.57
- DOI:10.2106/JBJS.19.00621
- 作者列表:"Tsuda Y","Tsoi K","Stevenson JD","Fujiwara T","Tillman R","Abudu A
- 发表时间:2020-01-15
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Extendable endoprostheses are used to reconstruct segmental defects following resection of bone sarcomas in skeletally immature patients. However, there remains a paucity of studies with regard to long-term outcomes. METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed 124 skeletally immature children who underwent an extendable endoprosthetic replacement and survived more than 10 years after the surgical procedures. Anatomical sites included the distal part of the femur (n = 66), the proximal part of the femur (n = 13), the proximal part of the tibia (n = 29), and the proximal part of the humerus (n = 16). Complications and implant survival were classified according to the modified Henderson criteria. RESULTS:The mean follow-up was 24 years (range, 10 to 36 years). The mean age at the time of the extendable endoprosthetic replacement was 9 years (range, 2 to 16 years). All patients had reached skeletal maturity at the last follow-up. The 10-year endoprosthetic failure-free survival rate was 28%. A total of 243 complications occurred in 90% of patients; these complications were most frequently related to soft-tissue problems (27% of complications). The incidence of and cumulative survival with respect to each failure mode varied between anatomical sites. Soft-tissue failures occurred most frequently in the proximal part of the femur (77%; p = 0.003), and the distal part of the femur was the most frequent site of aseptic loosening (52%; p = 0.014) and structural failure (55%; p = 0.001). Excluding lengthening procedures, 105 patients (85%) underwent an additional surgical procedure, with a mean of 2.7 surgical procedures per patient (range, 0 to 7 surgical procedures per patient). The mean limb-length discrepancy at the final follow-up was 1 cm (range, 0 to 9 cm). Limb salvage was achieved in 113 patients (91%). The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society functional score (the percentage of a total score of 30 points) was 82% (range, 40% to 100%) in 115 patients with available data at the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS:Extendable endoprostheses are associated with a high complication rate and a need for additional surgical procedures over time. Despite this, successful limb salvage with reasonable function and small limb-length discrepancy is achievable in the long term. Our study provides benchmark data for individual anatomical sites for further improvements of outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
摘要
背景: 在骨骼不成熟的患者中,可伸展的内假体用于重建切除骨肉瘤后的节段性缺损。然而,关于长期结果的研究仍然很少。 方法: 我们回顾性分析了 124 例骨骼发育不成熟的儿童,他们接受了可延长的假体置换,术后存活超过 10 年。解剖部位包括股骨远端 (n = 66) 、股骨近端 (n = 13) 、胫骨近端 (n = 29) 、和肱骨近端 (n = 16)。根据改良的Henderson标准对并发症和植入物存活率进行分类。 结果: 平均随访 24 年 (10 ~ 36 年)。可伸展型内假体置换术时的平均年龄为 9 岁 (范围 2-16 岁)。所有患者在末次随访时均达到骨骼成熟度。10 年假体内无衰竭生存率为 28%。243 的患者共发生 90% 次并发症; 这些并发症最常与软组织问题有关 (占并发症的 27%)。解剖部位之间每种失败模式的发生率和累积生存率各不相同。软组织衰竭最常见于股骨近端 (77%; p = 0.003),股骨远端是无菌性松动最常见的部位 (52%; p = 0.014) 和结构失效 (55%; p = 0.001)。不包括延长手术,105 例患者 (85%) 接受了额外的手术,平均每例患者 2.7 次手术 (范围,每例患者 0 至 7 次手术)。最终随访时平均肢体长度差异为 1厘米 (范围 0-9厘米)。保肢治疗 113 例 (91%)。在最后一次随访时有数据的 82% 例患者中,平均肌肉骨骼肿瘤协会功能评分 (占总分 30 分的百分比) 为 40% (范围,100% ~ 115)。 结论: 随着时间的推移,可伸展的内假体具有较高的并发症发生率和需要额外的外科手术。尽管如此,从长远来看,具有合理功能和小肢体长度差异的成功保肢是可以实现的。我们的研究为进一步改善结局提供了个体解剖部位的基准数据。 证据级别: 治疗性IV级。有关证据级别的完整描述,请参见作者说明。
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METHODS:OBJECTIVE:Large inoperable sacral chordomas show unsatisfactory local control rates even when treated with high dose proton therapy (PT). The aim of this study is assessing feasibility and reporting early results of patients treated with PT and concomitant hyperthermia (HT). METHODS: :Patients had histologically proven unresectable sacral chordomas and received 70 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) in 2.5 Gy fractions with concomitant weekly HT. Toxicity was assessed according to CTCAE_v4. A volumetric tumor response analysis was performed. RESULTS: :Five patients were treated with the combined approach. Median baseline tumor volume was 735 cc (range, 369-1142). All patients completed PT and received a median of 5 HT sessions (range, 2-6). Median follow-up was 18 months (range, 9-26). The volumetric analysis showed an objective response of all tumors (median shrinkage 46%; range, 9-72). All patients experienced acute Grade 2-3 local pain. One patient presented with a late Grade 3 iliac fracture. CONCLUSION:Combining PT and HT in large inoperable sacral chordomas is feasible and causes acceptable toxicity. Volumetric analysis shows promising early results, warranting confirmation in the framework of a prospective trial. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: :This is an encouraging first report of the feasibility and early results of concomitant HT and PT in treating inoperable sacral chordoma.
METHODS:BACKGROUND:National guidelines recommend screening and treatment for cancer-related bone disease and continued monitoring of bone-modifying agents. It is unclear whether a standardized screening tool is utilized to identify eligible patients and ensure appropriate supportive care is implemented. The purpose of this study was to evaluate current prescribing practices and optimize management of bone-modifying agents. METHODS:A retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients who received hormone deprivation therapy or had bone metastases through Hematology/Oncology or Urology clinics from 1 November 2016 to 31 October 2017. The primary endpoints of this study were the incidence of completed baseline dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan for patients on hormone deprivation therapy and percent of patients started on a bone-modifying agent for the prevention of skeletal-related events secondary to bone metastasis. Secondary endpoints included percent of patients with dental examinations prior to initiation, adequate calcium and vitamin D supplementation, incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaw or flu-like symptoms and education, and percent of bisphosphonate doses appropriately adjusted based on renal function. RESULTS:A total of 375 patients were assessed for baseline DEXA scans and bone-modifying therapy. Of the 226 patients on hormone deprivation therapy, 111 (49%) patients were appropriately screened with a DEXA scan prior to initiation of hormone deprivation therapy. Among the 149 patients with bone metastases, only 94 (63.1%) patients were started on a bone-modifying agent. CONCLUSIONS:Opportunities have been identified to optimize management of patients with cancer-related bone disease. Implementation of standardized tools may increase the rate of appropriate screening and initiation of bone-modifying therapy when warranted.
METHODS:PURPOSE:Low skeletal muscle mass has been associated with poor prognosis in patients with advanced lung cancer. However, little is known about the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and overall survival in patients with bone metastases from lung cancer. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of low trunk muscle mass in predicting overall survival in these patients. METHODS:The data from 198 patients who were diagnosed with bone metastases from lung cancer from April 2009 to May 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The areas of the psoas and paravertebral muscles were measured at the level of the third lumbar vertebra on computed tomography scans taken at the time nearest to the diagnosis of bone metastasis. Muscle area was evaluated for male and female cohorts separately using different cutoff points. Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to evaluate the factors independently associated with overall survival. RESULTS:The overall survival of patients in the lowest quartile for psoas muscle area or paravertebral muscle area was significantly shorter than that of patients above the 25th percentile for muscle area (p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that paravertebral muscle mass (hazard ratio, 1.73; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-2.56; p = 0.006), epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapy, and performance status were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS:Low paravertebral muscle mass was associated with shorter survival, independently of known prognostic factors.
骨肿瘤是发生于骨骼或其附属组织的肿瘤。有良性,恶性之分,良性骨肿瘤易根治,预后良好,恶性骨肿瘤发展迅速,预后不佳,死亡率高。