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ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2), COVID-19, and ACE Inhibitor and Ang II (Angiotensin II) Receptor Blocker Use During the Pandemic: The Pediatric Perspective.

ACE2 (血管紧张素转换酶 2) 、新型冠状病毒肺炎、ACE抑制剂和Ang II (血管紧张素II) 受体阻滞剂在大流行期间的使用: 儿科观点。

  • 影响因子:5.22
  • DOI:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15291
  • 作者列表:"South AM","Brady TM","Flynn JT
  • 发表时间:2020-07-01
Abstract

:Potential but unconfirmed risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults and children may include hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease, as well as the medications commonly prescribed for these conditions, ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors, and Ang II (angiotensin II) receptor blockers. Coronavirus binding to ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2), a crucial component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, underlies much of this concern. Children are uniquely impacted by the coronavirus, but the reasons are unclear. This review will highlight the relationship of COVID-19 with hypertension, use of ACE inhibitors and Ang II receptor blockers, and lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease from the pediatric perspective. We briefly summarize the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and comprehensively review the literature pertaining to the ACE 2/Ang-(1-7) pathway in children and the clinical evidence for how ACE inhibitors and Ang II receptor blockers affect this important pathway. Given the importance of the ACE 2/Ang-(1-7) pathway and the potential differences between adults and children, it is crucial that children are included in coronavirus-related research, as this may shed light on potential mechanisms for why children are at decreased risk of severe COVID-19.

摘要

: 成人和儿童冠状病毒疾病 2019 (新型冠状病毒肺炎) 的潜在但未经证实的危险因素可能包括高血压、心血管疾病和慢性肾病,以及这些疾病的常用药物,ACE (血管紧张素转换酶) 抑制剂和Ang II (血管紧张素II) 受体阻滞剂。冠状病毒结合ACE2 (血管紧张素转换酶 2) 是肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统的重要组成部分,是这一问题的基础。儿童受到冠状病毒的独特影响,但原因尚不清楚。本综述将从儿科角度重点介绍新型冠状病毒肺炎与高血压、ACE抑制剂和Ang ⅱ 受体阻滞剂的使用以及心血管疾病终生风险的关系。我们简要总结了肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统,并全面回顾了有关ACE 2/Ang-(1-7) 的文献。儿童的通路以及ACE抑制剂和Ang II受体阻滞剂如何影响这一重要通路的临床证据。鉴于ACE 2/Ang-(1-7) 通路的重要性以及成人和儿童之间的潜在差异,将儿童纳入冠状病毒相关研究至关重要,这可能揭示了儿童严重新型冠状病毒肺炎风险降低的潜在机制。

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DOI:10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e79
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发表时间:2020-04-01
来源期刊:Infection
DOI:10.1007/s15010-020-01401-y
作者列表:["Cheng ZJ","Shan J"]

METHODS::There is a current worldwide outbreak of a new type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which originated from Wuhan in China and has now spread to 17 other countries. Governments are under increased pressure to stop the outbreak spiraling into a global health emergency. At this stage, preparedness, transparency, and sharing of information are crucial to risk assessments and beginning outbreak control activities. This information should include reports from outbreak sites and from laboratories supporting the investigation. This paper aggregates and consolidates the virology, epidemiology, clinical management strategies from both English and Chinese literature, official news channels, and other official government documents. In addition, by fitting the number of infections with a single-term exponential model, we report that the infection is spreading at an exponential rate, with a doubling period of 1.8 days.

呼吸道感染方向

呼吸道感染分为上呼吸道感染与下呼吸道感染。上呼吸道感染是指自鼻腔至喉部之间的急性炎症的总称,是最常见的感染性疾病。下呼吸道感染是最常见的感染性疾患,治疗时必须明确引起感染的病原体以选择有效的抗生素。

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