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Neuropathology of COVID-19: a spectrum of vascular and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)-like pathology.

新型冠状病毒肺炎的神经病理学: 血管和急性播散性脑脊髓炎 (ADEM) 样病理谱。

  • 影响因子:13.80
  • DOI:10.1007/s00401-020-02166-2
  • 作者列表:"Reichard RR","Kashani KB","Boire NA","Constantopoulos E","Guo Y","Lucchinetti CF
  • 发表时间:2020-07-01
Abstract

:We report the neuropathological findings of a patient who died from complications of COVID-19. The decedent was initially hospitalized for surgical management of underlying coronary artery disease. He developed post-operative complications and was evaluated with chest imaging studies. The chest computed tomography (CT) imaging results were indicative of COVID-19 and he was subsequently tested for SARS-CoV-2, which was positive. His condition worsened and he died after more than 2 weeks of hospitalization and aggressive treatment. The autopsy revealed a range of neuropathological lesions, with features resembling both vascular and demyelinating etiologies. Hemorrhagic white matter lesions were present throughout the cerebral hemispheres with surrounding axonal injury and macrophages. The subcortical white matter had scattered clusters of macrophages, a range of associated axonal injury, and a perivascular acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)-like appearance. Additional white matter lesions included focal microscopic areas of necrosis with central loss of white matter and marked axonal injury. Rare neocortical organizing microscopic infarcts were also identified. Imaging and clinical reports have demonstrated central nervous system complications in patients' with COVID-19, but there is a gap in our understanding of the neuropathology. The lesions described in this case provide insight into the potential parainfectious processes affecting COVID-19 patients, which may direct clinical management and ongoing research into the disease. The clinical course of the patient also illustrates that during prolonged hospitalizations neurological complications of COVID may develop, which are particularly difficult to evaluate and appreciate in the critically ill.

摘要

: 我们报告了 1 例死于新型冠状病毒肺炎并发症的患者的神经病理学发现。死者最初住院治疗潜在的冠状动脉疾病。他出现了术后并发症,并进行了胸部影像学检查。胸部计算机断层扫描 (CT) 成像结果提示新型冠状病毒肺炎,随后对他进行SARS-CoV-2 检测,结果为阳性。他的病情加重,经过 2 周多的住院治疗和积极治疗后死亡。尸检发现一系列神经病理病变,其特征类似于血管和脱髓鞘病因。出血性白质病变遍布大脑半球,周围有轴突损伤和巨噬细胞。皮质下白质有散在的巨噬细胞簇,一系列相关的轴突损伤,以及血管周围急性播散性脑脊髓炎 (ADEM) 样外观。额外的脑白质病变包括局灶性显微镜下坏死区伴脑白质病灶中央丢失和明显的轴索损伤。还发现了罕见的新皮层组织微小梗死。影像学和临床报告显示新型冠状病毒肺炎患者存在中枢神经系统并发症,但对神经病理的认识存在一定差距。本病例中描述的病变提供了对影响新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的潜在副病变过程的洞察,这可能指导临床管理和正在进行的疾病研究。患者的临床过程还表明,在长时间住院期间,可发展为COVID的神经系统并发症,在危重患者中特别难以评估和欣赏。

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翻译标题与摘要 下载文献
影响因子:2.48
发表时间:2020-04-01
来源期刊:Infection
DOI:10.1007/s15010-020-01401-y
作者列表:["Cheng ZJ","Shan J"]

METHODS::There is a current worldwide outbreak of a new type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which originated from Wuhan in China and has now spread to 17 other countries. Governments are under increased pressure to stop the outbreak spiraling into a global health emergency. At this stage, preparedness, transparency, and sharing of information are crucial to risk assessments and beginning outbreak control activities. This information should include reports from outbreak sites and from laboratories supporting the investigation. This paper aggregates and consolidates the virology, epidemiology, clinical management strategies from both English and Chinese literature, official news channels, and other official government documents. In addition, by fitting the number of infections with a single-term exponential model, we report that the infection is spreading at an exponential rate, with a doubling period of 1.8 days.

呼吸道感染方向

呼吸道感染分为上呼吸道感染与下呼吸道感染。上呼吸道感染是指自鼻腔至喉部之间的急性炎症的总称,是最常见的感染性疾病。下呼吸道感染是最常见的感染性疾患,治疗时必须明确引起感染的病原体以选择有效的抗生素。

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