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Economic Benefit of Hand Surgical Efforts in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Cost-Benefit Analysis.

中低收入国家手外科工作的经济效益: 成本效益分析。

  • 影响因子:1.74
  • DOI:10.1097/PRS.0000000000006470
  • 作者列表:"Billig JI","Nasser JS","Sue GR","Chang J","Chung KC
  • 发表时间:2020-02-01
Abstract

BACKGROUND:Hand surgeons can alleviate the burden associated with various congenital anomalies, burn sequelae, and trauma that debilitate individuals in low- and middle-income countries. Because few surgeons in these areas have the necessary resources to perform complex hand surgery, surgical trips provide essential surgical care. The authors aimed to determine the economic benefit of hand surgical trips to low- and middle-income countries to comprehensively determine the economic implications of hand surgery trips in low-resource settings. METHODS:The authors collected data from two major global hand surgery organizations to analyze the economic benefit of hand surgery trips in low- and middle-income countries. The authors used both the human capital approach and the value of a statistical life-year approach to conduct this cost-benefit analysis. To demonstrate the economic gain, the authors subtracted the budgeted cost of each trip from the economic benefit. RESULTS:The authors analyzed a total of 15 trips to low- and middle-income countries. The costs of the trips ranged from $3453 to $87,434 (average, $24,869). The total cost for all the surgical trips was $373,040. The authors calculated a net economic benefit of $3,576,845 using the human capital approach and $8,650,745 using the value of a statistical life-year approach. CONCLUSIONS:The authors found a substantial return on investment using both the human capital approach and the value of a statistical life-year approach. In addition, the authors found that trips emphasizing education had a net economic benefit. Cost-benefit analyses have substantial financial implications and will aid policy makers in developing cost-reduction strategies to promote surgery in low- and middle-income countries.

摘要

背景: 在低收入和中等收入国家,手外科医生可以减轻与各种先天性异常、烧伤后遗症和创伤相关的负担。因为很少有外科医生在这些领域进行必要的资源进行复杂的手手术,手术旅行提供必要的手术护理。作者旨在确定去中低收入国家的手外科旅行的经济效益,以全面确定低资源环境中手外科旅行的经济影响。 方法: 作者从两个主要的全球手外科组织收集数据,分析中低收入国家手外科旅行的经济效益。作者使用人力资本方法和统计生命年方法的价值来进行这种成本效益分析。为了证明经济效益,作者从经济效益中减去了每次旅行的预算费用。 结果: 作者分析了总共 15 次到低收入和中等收入国家的旅行。旅行费用从 3453 美元到 87,434 美元不等 (平均 24,869 美元)。所有手术的总费用为 373,040 美元。作者使用人力资本方法计算了 3,576,845 美元的净经济效益,使用统计生命年方法的价值计算了 8,650,745 美元。 结论: 作者使用人力资本方法和统计生命年方法的价值发现了可观的投资回报。此外,作者发现强调教育的trips有净经济效益。成本效益分析具有实质性的财务影响,将有助于决策者制定成本降低战略,以促进中低收入国家的手术。

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发表时间:2020-03-01
DOI:10.1007/s00787-019-01345-1
作者列表:["Peyroux E","Babinet MN","Cannarsa C","Madelaine C","Favre E","Demily C","Michael GA"]

METHODS::Impairments in social cognition have been frequently described in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) and are thought to be a hallmark of difficulties in social interactions. The present study addresses aspects that are critical for everyday social cognitive functioning but have received little attention so far. Sixteen children with 22q11.2DS and 22 controls completed 1 task of facial expression recognition, 1 task of attribution of facial expressions to faceless characters involved in visually presented social interactions, and 1 task of attribution of facial expressions to characters involved in aurally presented dialogues. All three tasks have in common to involve processing of emotions. All participants also completed two tasks of attention and two tasks of visual spatial perception, and their parents completed some scales regarding behavioural problems of their children. Patients performed worse than controls in all three tasks of emotion processing, and even worse in the second and third tasks. However, they performed above chance level in all three tasks, and the results were independent of IQ, age and gender. The analysis of error patterns suggests that patients tend to coarsely categorize situations as either attractive or repulsive and also that they have difficulties in differentiating emotions that are associated with threats. An isolated association between the tasks of emotion and behaviour was found, showing that the more frequently patients with 22q11.2DS perceive happiness where there is not, the less they exhibit aggressive behaviour.

影响因子:0.95
发表时间:2020-02-01
DOI:10.1007/s11845-019-02039-y
作者列表:["Sheridan GA","Nagle M","Howells C","Gallagher O","Kiely PJ","O'Toole P","Kelly PM","Moore DP"]

METHODS:BACKGROUND:We describe the first radiographic clinic in the literature for DDH and how this novel clinic can significantly improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of service in a tertiary referral centre. AIMS:A radiographic clinic for the management of developmental dysplasia of the hip was introduced in 2017 in our institution. We performed a detailed cost analysis to assess the economic savings made with the introduction of this new clinic. We assessed the efficiency of the service by identifying how many unnecessary outpatient visits were prevented. We also assessed the difference in times from referral to review between the two clinics. METHODS:Analysis of the clinic activity in 2017 was possible as all data was collected prospectively by the DDH CNS and stored in our database. Cost analysis was performed, and the savings made per patient along with the financial benefit to our institution was recorded. RESULTS:The new radiographic clinic reduced the cost of reviewing one patient by €162.51 per patient. There was a 73% discharge rate from the clinic which prevented 251 unnecessary patient visits to the outpatient department over the course of the year. There was a significant 11-day reduction in waiting times between referral and review when comparing the radiographic to the conventional clinic (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:A radiographic clinic for the management of developmental dysplasia of the hip has a significant effect on the efficiency and overall cost-effectiveness of service provision in a tertiary referral centre.

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影响因子:2.43
发表时间:2020-01-15
DOI:10.5435/JAAOS-D-16-00918
作者列表:["Grigoryan G","Korcek L","Eidelman M","Paley D","Nelson S"]

METHODS:INTRODUCTION:Triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) involves periacetabular osteotomies of the ilium, ischium, and pubis to reorient the acetabulum. This operation is indicated in certain situations for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip, dysplastic neuromuscular hips, and for containment of the femoral head in cases of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. METHODS:This retrospective cohort study compares radiographic outcomes of patients who underwent TPO using two different techniques and describes a novel single-incision direct lateral approach. TPO was performed on 22 patients by the senior author. The first 10 patients underwent TPO through a single-incision anterolateral approach. The last 12 patients underwent TPO using the direct lateral approach. Preoperative and postoperative pelvic radiographs were reviewed for each patient, and the migration index and center-edge angle were recorded. RESULTS:The migration index and center-edge angle were evaluated and were not found to be significantly different between the anterolateral and direct lateral groups. The direct lateral approach is described. CONCLUSION:The direct lateral approach for TPO is equivalent to the anterolateral approach on radiographic evaluation. Advantages of the direct lateral approach include direct visualization of the ischial osteotomy, effective mobilization of the acetabulum, and safety of the sciatic nerve.

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肌肉骨骼系统的先天性结构异常和畸形。

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