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Efficacy and safety of ataluren in patients with nonsense-mutation cystic fibrosis not receiving chronic inhaled aminoglycosides: The international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Ataluren Confirmatory Trial in Cystic Fibrosis (ACT CF).

Ataluren 治疗无义突变囊性纤维化患者的疗效和安全性: 国际,随机,双盲, 囊性纤维化的安慰剂对照 Ataluren 确证试验 (ACT CF)。

  • 影响因子:2.88
  • DOI:10.1016/j.jcf.2020.01.007
  • 作者列表:"Konstan MW","VanDevanter DR","Rowe SM","Wilschanski M","Kerem E","Sermet-Gaudelus I","DiMango E","Melotti P","McIntosh J","De Boeck K","ACT CF Study Group.
  • 发表时间:2020-01-23
Abstract

BACKGROUND:Ataluren was developed for potential treatment of nonsense-mutation cystic fibrosis (CF). A previous phase 3 ataluren study failed to meet its primary efficacy endpoint, but post-hoc analyses suggested that aminoglycosides may have interfered with ataluren's action. Thus, this subsequent trial (NCT02139306) was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of ataluren in patients with nonsense-mutation CF not receiving aminoglycosides. METHODS:Eligible subjects with nonsense-mutation CF (aged ≥6 years; percent predicted (pp) FEV1 ≥40 and ≤90) from 75 sites in 16 countries were randomly assigned in double-blinded fashion to receive oral ataluren or matching placebo thrice daily for 48 weeks. The primary endpoint was absolute change in average ppFEV1 from baseline to the average of Weeks 40 and 48. FINDINGS:279 subjects were enrolled; 138 subjects in the ataluren arm and 136 in the placebo arm were evaluable for efficacy. Absolute ppFEV1 change from baseline did not differ significantly between the ataluren and placebo groups at Week 40 (-0.8 vs -1.8) or Week 48 (-1.7 vs -2.4). Average ppFEV1 treatment difference from baseline to Weeks 40 and 48 was 0.6 (95% CI -1.3, 2.5; p = 0.54). Pulmonary exacerbation rate per 48 weeks was not significantly different (ataluren 0.95 vs placebo 1.13; rate ratio p = 0.40). Safety was similar between groups. No life-threatening adverse events or deaths were reported. INTERPRETATION:Neither ppFEV1 change nor pulmonary exacerbation rate over 48 weeks were statistically different between ataluren and placebo groups. Development of a nonsense-mutation CF therapy remains elusive.

摘要

背景: Ataluren 被开发用于无义突变囊性纤维化 (CF) 的潜在治疗。之前的 3 期 ataluren 研究未能达到其主要疗效终点,但事后分析表明氨基糖苷类可能干扰了 ataluren 的作用。因此,该后续试验 (NCT02139306) 旨在评估 ataluren 在无义突变 CF 未接受氨基糖苷类药物的患者中的疗效和安全性。 方法: 无义突变 CF (年龄 ≥ 6 岁; 预计百分比 (pp) FEV1 ≥ 40 且 ≤ 90) 的合格受试者从 16 个国家的 75 个地点以双盲方式随机分配接受口服 ataluren 或匹配安慰剂,每天 3 次,共 48 周。主要终点是从基线到第 40 周和第 48 周平均 ppFEV1 的绝对变化。 结果: 入组 279 例受试者; ataluren 组 138 例受试者和安慰剂组 136 例受试者可评价疗效。在 40 周 (-0.8 vs-1.8) 或 48 周 (-1.7 vs-2.4),ataluren 和安慰剂组与基线相比的绝对 ppFEV1 变化没有显著差异。从基线到 40 周和 48 周的平均 ppFEV1 治疗差异为 0.6 (95% CI-1.3,2.5; p = 0.54)。每 48 周肺恶化率无显著差异 (ataluren 0.95 vs 安慰剂 1.13; 率比 p = 0.40)。组间安全性相似。未报告危及生命的不良事件或死亡。 解读: 48 周 ppFEV1 变化和肺部恶化率在 ataluren 组和安慰剂组之间均无统计学差异。无义突变 CF 治疗的发展仍然难以捉摸。

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METHODS:OBJECTIVES:To asses the clinical course in RA-related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) patients with and without rituximab (RTX). The influence of other variables was also evaluated. METHODS:A longitudinal multicentre study was conducted in RA diagnosed with ILD from 2007 until 2018 in Madrid. Patients were included in a registry [pNEumology RhEumatology Autoinmune diseases (NEREA)] from the time of ILD diagnosis. The main endpoint was functional respiratory impairment (FI), when there was a decline ≥5% in the predicted forced vital capacity compared with the previous one. Pulmonary function was measured at baseline and in follow-up visits every 6-12 months. The independent variable was therapy with RTX. Covariables included sociodemographic, clinical, radiological and other therapies. Survival techniques were used to estimate the incidence rate (IR) and 95% CI of functional impairment, expressed per 100 patient-semesters. Cox multivariate regression models were run to examine the influence of RTX and other covariates on FI. Results were expressed as the hazard ratio (HR) and CI. RESULTS:A total of 68 patients were included. FI occurred in 42 patients [IR 23.5 (95% CI 19, 29.1)] and 50% of them had FI within 1.75 years of an ILD diagnosis. A multivariate analysis showed that RTX exposure resulted in a lower risk of FI compared with non-exposure [HR 0.51 (95% CI 0.31, 0.85)]. Interstitial pneumonia, glucocorticoids, disease activity and duration also influenced FI. CONCLUSION:RA-ILD patients deteriorate over time, with the median time free of impairment being <2 years. Patients exposed to RTX had a higher probability of remaining free of FI compared with other therapies. Other factors have also been identified. Key words: rheumatoid arthritis, interstitial lung disease, observational study, rituximab and prognosis

翻译标题与摘要 下载文献
影响因子:4.40
发表时间:2020-01-01
DOI:10.1007/s00262-019-02431-8
作者列表:["Shibaki, Ryota","Murakami, Shuji","Matsumoto, Yuji","Yoshida, Tatsuya","Goto, Yasushi","Kanda, Shintaro","Horinouchi, Hidehito","Fujiwara, Yutaka","Yamamoto, Nobuyuki","Kusumoto, Masahiko","Yamamoto, Noboru","Ohe, Yuichiro"]

METHODS:The safety of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody for patients with preexisting interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dependence of preexisting ILD on anti-PD-1 antibody-induced pneumonitis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We retrospectively reviewed the association of preexisting ILD with the incidence, radiographic pattern, and outcome of pneumonitis in NSCLC patients receiving anti-PD-1 antibody. A total of 331 patients were included in this study. Of these patients, 17 had preexisting ILD. The incidence of pneumonitis was higher among the patients with preexisting ILD than among those without preexisting ILD (29% vs. 10%, P  = 0.027). The distributions of the CT appearances at the onset of anti-PD-1 antibody-induced pneumonitis were as follows: for the patients with preexisting ILD, two patients (40%) had diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), one patient each with organizing pneumonia-like (OP), hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), and other patterns (20% each); for the patients without preexisting ILD, 19 patients (61%) had OP, 8 (26%) had HP, 3 (10%) had DAD, and 1 (3.2%) had other patterns. The median onset time from the initiation of anti-PD-1 antibody treatment until the development of pneumonitis was 1.3 months (range 0.3–2.1 months) for the patients with preexisting ILD and 2.3 months (range 0.2–14.6 months) for the patients without preexisting ILD. Careful attention to the development of pneumonitis is needed, especially within the first 3 months after the start of anti-PD-1 antibody treatment, when using anti-PD-1 antibody to treat patients with preexisting ILD.

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影响因子:4.04
发表时间:2020-01-25
来源期刊:New biotechnology
DOI:10.1016/j.nbt.2019.08.006
作者列表:["Sousa SA","Soares-Castro P","Seixas AMM","Feliciano JR","Balugas B","Barreto C","Pereira L","Santos PM","Leitão JH"]

METHODS::Bacteria of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) are ubiquitous multidrug resistant organisms and opportunistic pathogens capable of causing life threatening lung infections among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. No effective therapies are currently available to eradicate Bcc bacteria from CF patients, as these organisms are inherently resistant to the majority of clinically available antimicrobials. An immunoproteomics approach was used to identify Bcc proteins that stimulate the humoral immune response of the CF host, using bacterial cells grown under conditions mimicking the CF lung environment and serum samples from CF patients with a clinical record of Bcc infection. 24 proteins of the Bcc strain B. cenocepacia J2315 were identified as immunoreactive, 19 here reported as immunogenic for the first time. Ten proteins were predicted as extracytoplasmic, 9 of them being conserved in Bcc genomes. The immunogenic Bcc extracytoplasmic proteins are potential targets for development of novel therapeutic strategies and diagnostic tools to protect patients against the onset of chronic Bcc lung infections.

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