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Reference ranges and Z-scores for fetal cardiac measurements from two-dimensional echocardiography in Asian population.
亚洲人群二维超声心动图胎儿心脏测量的参考范围和Z评分。
- 影响因子:0
- DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0233179
- 作者列表:"Lussier EC","Yeh SJ","Chih WL","Lin SM","Chou YC","Huang SP","Chen MR","Chang TY
- 发表时间:2020-06-25
Abstract
:Currently available fetal echocardiographic reference values are derived mainly from North American and European population studies, and there is a lack of reference z-score for fetal echocardiographic measurement in Asian populations. The aim of this study was to establish normal ranges of echocardiographic measurements and z-scores in healthy Asian fetuses. A total of 575 healthy pregnant Taiwanese with an estimated gestational age from 14 to 38 weeks were enrolled voluntarily for this observational study. Standard two-dimensional echocardiography was performed to obtain measurements of the cardiac chambers and great arteries of the developing fetuses. In contrast to past studies, our sample was more evenly distributed for estimated gestational age (p<0.001). We present percentile graphs for 13 fetal echocardiographic measurements from the knowledge of estimated gestational age, biparietal distance, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length. Most cardiac structures and developmental markers had linear models as the best-fitting, except for transverse aortic isthmus by estimated gestational age and transverse ductus arteriosus by femur length. Our findings indicate that estimated gestational age was generally the best model for fetal heart development, while head circumferences could be used as an optimal developmental marker to predict left atrium, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary annulus, and ductus arteriosus. Lastly, we developed nomograms for each of the 13 fetal heart measurements by each developmental markers. This is the first study providing echocardiographic reference ranges and nomograms for Asian fetuses. Computing z-scores from nomograms helps in standardizing comparisons and adds additional prognostic information to the diagnosis of congenital heart disease.
摘要
: 目前可用的胎儿超声心动图参考值主要来自北美和欧洲人群研究,在亚洲人群中缺乏胎儿超声心动图测量的参考z-score。本研究的目的是建立健康亚洲胎儿超声心动图测量和z-评分的正常范围。共有575名估计孕龄为14 ~ 38周的健康台湾孕妇自愿参加这项观察性研究。进行标准二维超声心动图以获得发育中的胎儿的心腔和大动脉的测量结果。与过去的研究相比,我们的样本在估计孕龄方面分布更均匀 (p<0.001)。我们从估计孕龄、双顶距离、头围、腹围和股骨长度的知识中提供了13个胎儿超声心动图测量的百分位数图。大多数心脏结构和发育标记物具有线性模型作为最佳拟合,除了通过估计胎龄估计的主动脉峡部和通过股骨长度估计的动脉导管未闭。我们的研究结果表明,估计孕龄通常是胎儿心脏发育的最佳模型,而头围可以作为预测左心房、右心房、右心室、肺动脉环和动脉导管未闭的最佳发育标志物。最后,我们通过每个发育标志物为13个胎儿心脏测量中的每一个开发了列线图。这是第一项为亚洲胎儿提供超声心动图参考范围和列线图的研究。从列线图计算z分数有助于标准化比较,并为先天性心脏病的诊断增加额外的预后信息。
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心脏结构和心脏血流的可视化,用于诊断评估或通过内窥镜、放射性核素成像等技术来指导心脏手术。