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Chemoresistant ovarian cancer enhances its migration abilities by increasing store-operated Ca2+ entry-mediated turnover of focal adhesions.
化疗耐药卵巢癌通过增加存储操作的 Ca2 + 进入介导的局灶性粘连周转来增强其迁移能力。
- 影响因子:4.63
- DOI:10.1186/s12929-020-00630-5
- 作者列表:"Huang HK","Lin YH","Chang HA","Lai YS","Chen YC","Huang SC","Chou CY","Chiu WT
- 发表时间:2020-02-21
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Among gynecological cancers, ovarian carcinoma has the highest mortality rate, and chemoresistance is highly prevalent in this cancer. Therefore, novel strategies are required to improve its poor prognosis. Formation and disassembly of focal adhesions are regulated dynamically during cell migration, which plays an essential role in cancer metastasis. Metastasis is intricately linked with resistance to chemotherapy, but the molecular basis for this link is unknown. METHODS:Transwell migration and wound healing migration assays were used to analyze the migration ability of ovarian cancer cells. Real-time recordings by total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (TIRFM) were performed to assess the turnover of focal adhesions with fluorescence protein-tagged focal adhesion molecules. SOCE inhibitors were used to verify the effects of SOCE on focal adhesion dynamics, cell migration, and chemoresistance in chemoresistant cells. RESULTS:We found that mesenchymal-like chemoresistant IGROV1 ovarian cancer cells have higher migration properties because of their rapid regulation of focal adhesion dynamics through FAK, paxillin, vinculin, and talin. Focal adhesions in chemoresistant cells, they were smaller and exhibited strong adhesive force, which caused the cells to migrate rapidly. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) regulates focal adhesion turnover, and cell polarization and migration. Herein, we compared SOCE upregulation in chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells to its parental cells. SOCE inhibitors attenuated the assembly and disassembly of focal adhesions significantly. Results of wound healing and transwell assays revealed that SOCE inhibitors decreased chemoresistant cell migration. Additionally, SOCE inhibitors combined with chemotherapeutic drugs could reverse ovarian cancer drug resistance. CONCLUSION:Our findings describe the role of SOCE in chemoresistance-mediated focal adhesion turnover, cell migration, and viability. Consequently, SOCE might be a promising therapeutic target in epithelial ovarian cancer.
摘要
背景: 在妇科癌症中,卵巢癌的死亡率最高,且化疗耐药在该癌症中非常普遍。因此,需要新的策略来改善其不良预后。在细胞迁移过程中,粘着斑的形成和分解受到动态调控,在癌症转移中起着至关重要的作用。转移与化疗耐药密切相关,但这种联系的分子基础尚不清楚。 方法: 采用 Transwell 迁移和伤口愈合迁移试验分析卵巢癌细胞的迁移能力。通过全内反射荧光显微镜 (TIRFM) 进行实时记录,以评估荧光蛋白标记的粘着斑分子的粘着斑翻转。SOCE 抑制剂用于验证 SOCE 对化学耐药细胞的黏着斑动力学、细胞迁移和化疗耐药的影响。 结果: 我们发现间充质样化疗耐药 IGROV1 卵巢癌细胞具有更高的迁移特性,因为它们通过 FAK 、 paxillin 、 vinculin 和 talin 快速调节黏着斑动力学。在化疗耐药细胞中,它们较小,表现出较强的粘附力,使细胞快速迁移。存储操作的 Ca2 + 进入 (SOCE) 调节粘着斑周转,以及细胞极化和迁移。在此,我们将化疗耐药卵巢癌细胞中的 SOCE 上调与其亲代细胞进行了比较。SOCE 抑制剂显著减弱了黏着斑的组装和拆卸。伤口愈合和 transwell 试验的结果显示,SOCE 抑制剂降低了化学抗性细胞迁移。此外,SOCE 抑制剂联合化疗药物可逆转卵巢癌耐药。 结论: 我们的研究结果描述了 SOCE 在化疗耐药介导的粘着斑转换、细胞迁移和活力中的作用。因此,SOCE 有望成为治疗上皮性卵巢癌的新靶点。
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METHODS:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the differences in perioperative outcomes and immediate complication rates between laparoscopic myomectomy for submucous myomas and laparoscopic myomectomy for myomas in other locations. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:University-affiliated hospital in London. PATIENTS:A total of 350 patients with symptomatic uterine myomas underwent laparoscopic myomectomy. Thirty-three of these were performed for submucous myomas (group 1), and 317 were for myomas in other uterine locations (group 2). INTERVENTIONS:Analysis of prospectively collected data on patient demographics, myoma characteristics, perioperative outcomes, and immediate complications. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Patient demographics, including age, body mass index, and parity, were similar in the 2 groups. No significant differences in myoma characteristics were seen between groups 1 and 2, including the mean dimension of largest myoma (7.1 vs 7.8 cm, respectively; p = .35), mean number of myomas removed (3.8 vs 4.1; p = .665), and mean mass of myomas removed (142.0 g vs 227.3 g; p = .186). There were also no significant between-group differences in any perioperative outcomes, including mean blood loss (226.8 mL vs 266.4 mL; p = .373), duration of surgery (103 minutes vs 113 minutes; p = .264), and duration of hospital stay (1.4 days vs 1.7 days; p = .057). No complications arose from laparoscopic resection of submucous myomas. CONCLUSION:Laparoscopic myomectomy for submucous myomas has similar perioperative outcomes and immediate complications as laparoscopic myomectomy for other myomas and can be considered for large or type 2 submucous myomas.
METHODS:INTRODUCTION:Laparoscopic myomectomy can be difficult when fibroids are large and numerous. This may result in extensive intraoperative bleeding and the need for a conversion to a laparotomy. Medical pretreatment prior to surgery might reduce these risks by decreasing fibroid size and vascularization of the fibroid. We compared pretreatment with ulipristal acetate (UPA) vs gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) prior to laparoscopic myomectomy on several intra- and postoperative outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS:We performed a non-inferiority double-blind randomized controlled trial in nine hospitals in the Netherlands. Women were randomized between daily oral UPA for 12 weeks and single placebo injection or single intramuscular injection with leuprolide acetate and daily placebo tablets for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was intraoperative blood loss. Secondary outcomes were reduction of fibroid volume, suturing time, total surgery time and surgical ease. RESULTS:Thirty women received UPA and 25 women leuprolide acetate. Non-inferiority of UPA regarding intraoperative blood loss was not demonstrated. When pretreated with UPA, median intraoperative blood loss was statistically significantly higher (525 mL [348-1025] vs 280 mL[100-500]; P = 0.011) and suturing time of the first fibroid was statistically significantly longer (40 minutes [28-48] vs 22 minutes [14-33]; P = 0.003) compared with GnRHa. Pretreatment with UPA showed smaller reduction in fibroid volume preoperatively compared with GnRHa (-7.2% [-35.5 to 54.1] vs -38.4% [-71.5 to -19.3]; P = 0.001). Laparoscopic myomectomies in women pretreated with UPA were subjectively judged more difficult than in women pretreated with GnRHa. CONCLUSIONS:Non-inferiority of UPA in terms of intraoperative blood loss could not be established, possibly due to the preliminary termination of the study. Pretreatment with GnRHa was more favorable than UPA in terms of fibroid volume reduction, intraoperative blood loss, hemoglobin drop directly postoperatively, suturing time of the first fibroid and several subjective surgical ease parameters.
METHODS:AIMS:Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) syndrome is caused by germline mutations in the Fumarate hydratase (FH) gene. In young women, the syndrome often presents with symptomatic uterine leiomyomas, leading to myomectomy or hysterectomy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the incidence and mutational profiles of FH-negative leiomyomas from young patients, thus allowing for early identification and triage of syndromic patients for surveillance. METHODS AND RESULTS:We evaluated 153 cases of uterine leiomyomas from women aged up to 30 years for loss of FH expression by tissue microarray (TMA)-based immunohistochemical staining. Mutational analysis of tumours with loss of FH was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 10 exons within the FH gene and subsequent Sanger sequencing. The status of promoter methylation was assessed by bisulphite sequencing. Loss of FH protein expression was detected in seven (4.6%) of 153 tested uterine leiomyomas from young patients. All FH-negative leiomyomas displayed staghorn vasculature and fibrillary/neurophil-like cytoplasm. We found that six (86%) of seven FH-negative tumours detected by immunohistochemistry harboured FH mutations, 50% of which contained germline mutations. In particular, the germline mutational rate in FH gene was 2.0% (three of 153 cases). Bisulphite sequencing analysis failed to detect promoter methylation in any of the seven tumours. CONCLUSION:Our study showed a relatively high rate of FH germline mutation in FH-negative uterine leiomyomas from patients aged up to 30 years. While genetic mutations confer protein expression loss, epigenetic regulation of the FH gene appears to be unrelated to this phenotype.