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A combination of LCPUFA ameliorates airway inflammation in asthmatic mice by promoting pro-resolving effects and reducing adverse effects of EPA

LCPUFA 组合通过促进促解作用和减少 EPA 的不良反应改善哮喘小鼠的气道炎症

  • 影响因子:6.86
  • DOI:10.1038/s41385-019-0245-2
  • 作者列表:"Fussbroich, D.","Colas, R. A.","Eickmeier, O.","Trischler, J.","Jerkic, S. P.","Zimmermann, K.","Göpel, A.","Schwenger, T.","Schaible, A.","Henrich, D.","Baer, P.","Zielen, S.","Dalli, J.","Beermann, C.","Schubert, R.
  • 发表时间:2020-01-06
Abstract

Lipid mediators derived from omega (n)-3 and n-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) play key roles in bronchoconstriction, airway inflammation, and resolution processes in asthma. This study compared the effects of dietary supplementation with either a combination of LCPUFAs or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) alone to investigate whether the combination has superior beneficial effects on the outcome of asthmatic mice. Mice were sensitized with house dust mite (HDM) extract, and subsequently supplemented with either a combination of LCPUFAs or EPA alone in a recall asthma model. After the final HDM and LCPUFA administration, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), bronchoalveolar lavages, and lung histochemistry were examined. Lipid mediator profiles were determined by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS–MS). The LCPUFA combination reduced AHR, eosinophilic inflammation, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-5, IFN-γ, and IL-6) in asthmatic mice, whereas EPA enhanced inflammation. The combination of LCPUFAs was more potent in downregulating EPA-derived LTB_5 and LTC_5 and in supporting DHA-derived RvD1 and RvD4 (2.22-fold and 2.58-fold higher levels) than EPA alone. Ex vivo experiments showed that LTB_5 contributes to granulocytes’ migration and M1-polarization in monocytes. Consequently, the LCPUFA combination ameliorated airway inflammation by inhibiting adverse effects of EPA and promoting pro-resolving effects supporting the lipid mediator-dependent resolution program.

摘要

来源于 ω (n)-3 和 n-6 长链多不饱和脂肪酸 (LCPUFA) 的脂质介质在哮喘的支气管收缩、气道炎症和消退过程中起关键作用。本研究比较了膳食补充与 LCPUFAs 或二十碳五烯酸 (EPA) 单独组合的效果,以研究该组合是否对哮喘小鼠的结局具有优越的有益作用。小鼠用屋尘螨 (HDM) 提取物致敏,随后在回忆哮喘模型中单独补充 LCPUFAs 或 EPA 的组合。最后 HDM 和 LCPUFA 给药后,检测气道高反应性 (AHR) 、支气管肺泡灌洗和肺组织化学。通过液相色谱-串联质谱 (LC-MS) 测定脂质介质谱。LCPUFA 组合降低哮喘小鼠的 AHR 、嗜酸性粒细胞炎症和炎性细胞因子 (IL-5 、 IFN-γ 和 IL-6),而 EPA 增强炎症。LCPUFAs 的组合在下调 EPA 衍生的 LTB_5 和 LTC_5 以及支持 DHA 衍生的 RvD1 和 RvD4 (比 EPA 单独的水平高 2.22 倍和 2.58 倍) 方面更有效。体外实验表明,LTB_5 有助于粒细胞在单核细胞中的迁移和 M1-polarization。因此,LCPUFA 组合通过抑制 EPA 的不良反应和促进支持脂质介质依赖性解决方案的促解决作用来改善气道炎症。

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METHODS:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:A critical role for sphingosine kinase/sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) pathway in the control of airway function has been demonstrated in respiratory diseases. Here, we address S1P contribution in a mouse model of mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:C57BL/6J mice have been exposed to room air or cigarette smoke up to 11 months and killed at different time points. Functional and molecular studies have been performed. KEY RESULTS:Cigarette smoke caused emphysematous changes throughout the lung parenchyma coupled to a progressive collagen deposition in both peribronchiolar and peribronchial areas. The high and low airways showed an increased reactivity to cholinergic stimulation and α-smooth muscle actin overexpression. Similarly, an increase in airway reactivity and lung resistances following S1P challenge occurred in smoking mice. A high expression of S1P, Sph-K2 , and S1P receptors (S1P2 and S1P3 ) has been detected in the lung of smoking mice. Sphingosine kinases inhibition reversed the increased cholinergic response in airways of smoking mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS:S1P signalling up-regulation follows the disease progression in smoking mice and is involved in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness. Our study defines a therapeutic potential for S1P inhibitors in management of airways hyperresponsiveness associated to emphysema in smokers with both asthma and COPD.

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影响因子:3.94
发表时间:2020-01-15
DOI:10.1016/j.taap.2019.114847
作者列表:["Bernstein DM","Toth B","Rogers RA","Kling DE","Kunzendorf P","Phillips JI","Ernst H"]

METHODS::The interim results from this 90-day multi-dose, inhalation toxicology study with life-time post-exposure observation has shown an important fundamental difference in persistence and pathological response in the lung between brake dust derived from brake-pads manufactured with chrysotile, TiO2 or chrysotile alone in comparison to the amphiboles, crocidolite and amosite asbestos. In the brake dust exposure groups no significant pathological response was observed at any time. Slight macrophage accumulation of particles was noted. Wagner-scores, were from 1 to 2 (1 = air-control group) and were similar to the TiO2 group. Chrysotile being biodegradable, shows a weakening of its matrix and breaking into short fibers & particles that can be cleared by alveolar macrophages and continued dissolution. In the chrysotile exposure groups, particle laden macrophage accumulation was noted leading to a slight interstitial inflammatory response (Wagner-score 1-3). There was no peribronchiolar inflammation and occasional very slight interstitial fibrosis. The histopathology and the confocal analyses clearly differentiate the pathological response from amphibole asbestos, crocidolite and amosite, compared to that from the brake dust and chrysotile. Both crocidolite and amosite induced persistent inflammation, microgranulomas, and fibrosis (Wagner-scores 4), which persisted through the post exposure period. The confocal microscopy of the lung and snap-frozen chestwalls quantified the extensive inflammatory response and collagen development in the lung and on the visceral and parietal surfaces. The interim results reported here, provide a clear basis for differentiating the effects from brake dust exposure from those following amphibole asbestos exposure. The subsequent results through life-time post-exposure will follow.

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影响因子:4.04
发表时间:2020-01-10
DOI:10.1042/BST20191010
作者列表:["Zaragosi LE","Deprez M","Barbry P"]

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