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Pigtail catheters versus traditional chest drains for pneumothorax treatment in two NICUs.

猪尾导管与传统胸腔引流用于两个 nicu 气胸治疗的比较。

  • 影响因子:2.24
  • DOI:10.1007/s00431-019-03478-6
  • 作者列表:"Panza R","Prontera G","Ives KN","Zivanovic S","Roehr CC","Quercia M","Schettini F","Bianchi FP","Tafuri S","Di Mauro A","Laforgia N
  • 发表时间:2020-01-01
Abstract

:Pneumothorax in newborns can be life-threatening. The traditional treatment of pneumothorax is chest drain placement. Recently, modified pigtail catheter has been proposed as a less traumatic approach despite limited experience in infants. To compare the effectiveness and safety of pigtail catheters versus traditional straight chest drains in term and preterm infants with pneumothorax, in two tertiary neonatal units: Policlinico Hospital in Bari, IT and John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford, UK. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 47 newborns with pneumothorax admitted to the two units between October 2009 and June 2017, and treated with either pigtail catheters or straight chest drains. Three newborns (6.7%) were excluded from the study because they were treated with both types of drains. The remaining 44 neonates were included in the analysis. Overall, 56.8% (n = 25/44) of pneumothoraces were drained with pigtail catheters and 43.2% (n = 19/44) with straight drains. No differences in gestational age and birth weight were found. The success rate, defined as complete radiological resolution of the pneumothorax after drainage, was significantly higher in the pigtail group (96.0% versus 73.7%; p  0.05).Conclusion: Pigtail catheters are a safe and effective alternative to traditional chest drains for infants with pneumothorax. What is Known:• Air leaks in newborns can represent an emergency, especially among preterms;• The first treatment in a life-threatening pneumothorax is thoracentesis with needle aspiration or placement of a chest drain.What is New:• Pigtail catheter have been described as an alternative to traditional chest drains;• Pigtail catheters are a safe and effective alternative to traditional chest drains for infants with pneumothorax.

摘要

: 新生儿气胸可危及生命。气胸的传统治疗方法是放置胸腔引流管。最近,尽管婴儿经验有限,但改良猪尾导管被提出为一种创伤较小的方法。比较猪尾导管与传统直胸引流管在足月和早产儿气胸中的有效性和安全性,在两个三级新生儿病房: 巴里的 Policlinico 医院, 它和英国牛津的约翰 · 拉德克利夫医院。我们回顾性分析了 2009年10月至 2017年6月期间两个单位收治的 47 例气胸新生儿的病历,采用猪尾导管或直胸引流管治疗。3 例新生儿 (6.7%) 被排除在研究之外,因为他们接受了两种类型的引流管治疗。其余 44 例新生儿纳入分析。总体而言,56.8% (n = 25/44) 的气胸用猪尾导管引流,43.2% (n = 19/44) 用直引流管引流。未发现胎龄和出生体重的差异。猪尾组的成功率 (定义为引流后气胸的完全放射学消退) 显著高于对照组 (96.0% vs 73.7%; p 0.05)。结论: 猪尾导管是一种安全有效的替代传统胸腔引流管治疗婴幼儿气胸的方法。已知: • 新生儿漏气可能代表紧急情况,特别是在 preterms 中; • 危及生命的气胸的第一种治疗方法是针吸胸腔穿刺术或放置胸腔引流管。什么是新的: • 猪尾导管被描述为传统胸腔引流管的替代品; • 猪尾导管是气胸婴儿传统胸腔引流管的安全有效替代品。

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METHODS:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:A critical role for sphingosine kinase/sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) pathway in the control of airway function has been demonstrated in respiratory diseases. Here, we address S1P contribution in a mouse model of mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:C57BL/6J mice have been exposed to room air or cigarette smoke up to 11 months and killed at different time points. Functional and molecular studies have been performed. KEY RESULTS:Cigarette smoke caused emphysematous changes throughout the lung parenchyma coupled to a progressive collagen deposition in both peribronchiolar and peribronchial areas. The high and low airways showed an increased reactivity to cholinergic stimulation and α-smooth muscle actin overexpression. Similarly, an increase in airway reactivity and lung resistances following S1P challenge occurred in smoking mice. A high expression of S1P, Sph-K2 , and S1P receptors (S1P2 and S1P3 ) has been detected in the lung of smoking mice. Sphingosine kinases inhibition reversed the increased cholinergic response in airways of smoking mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS:S1P signalling up-regulation follows the disease progression in smoking mice and is involved in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness. Our study defines a therapeutic potential for S1P inhibitors in management of airways hyperresponsiveness associated to emphysema in smokers with both asthma and COPD.

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影响因子:3.94
发表时间:2020-01-15
DOI:10.1016/j.taap.2019.114847
作者列表:["Bernstein DM","Toth B","Rogers RA","Kling DE","Kunzendorf P","Phillips JI","Ernst H"]

METHODS::The interim results from this 90-day multi-dose, inhalation toxicology study with life-time post-exposure observation has shown an important fundamental difference in persistence and pathological response in the lung between brake dust derived from brake-pads manufactured with chrysotile, TiO2 or chrysotile alone in comparison to the amphiboles, crocidolite and amosite asbestos. In the brake dust exposure groups no significant pathological response was observed at any time. Slight macrophage accumulation of particles was noted. Wagner-scores, were from 1 to 2 (1 = air-control group) and were similar to the TiO2 group. Chrysotile being biodegradable, shows a weakening of its matrix and breaking into short fibers & particles that can be cleared by alveolar macrophages and continued dissolution. In the chrysotile exposure groups, particle laden macrophage accumulation was noted leading to a slight interstitial inflammatory response (Wagner-score 1-3). There was no peribronchiolar inflammation and occasional very slight interstitial fibrosis. The histopathology and the confocal analyses clearly differentiate the pathological response from amphibole asbestos, crocidolite and amosite, compared to that from the brake dust and chrysotile. Both crocidolite and amosite induced persistent inflammation, microgranulomas, and fibrosis (Wagner-scores 4), which persisted through the post exposure period. The confocal microscopy of the lung and snap-frozen chestwalls quantified the extensive inflammatory response and collagen development in the lung and on the visceral and parietal surfaces. The interim results reported here, provide a clear basis for differentiating the effects from brake dust exposure from those following amphibole asbestos exposure. The subsequent results through life-time post-exposure will follow.

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影响因子:4.04
发表时间:2020-01-10
DOI:10.1042/BST20191010
作者列表:["Zaragosi LE","Deprez M","Barbry P"]

METHODS::The respiratory tract is lined by a pseudo-stratified epithelium from the nose to terminal bronchioles. This first line of defense of the lung against external stress includes five main cell types: basal, suprabasal, club, goblet and multiciliated cells, as well as rare cells such as ionocytes, neuroendocrine and tuft/brush cells. At homeostasis, this epithelium self-renews at low rate but is able of fast regeneration upon damage. Airway epithelial cell lineages during regeneration have been investigated in the mouse by genetic labeling, mainly after injuring the epithelium with noxious agents. From these approaches, basal cells have been identified as progenitors of club, goblet and multiciliated cells, but also of ionocytes and neuroendocrine cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing, coupled to lineage inference algorithms, has independently allowed the establishment of comprehensive pictures of cell lineage relationships in both mouse and human. In line with genetic tracing experiments in mouse trachea, studies using single-cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq) have shown that basal cells first differentiate into club cells, which in turn mature into goblet cells or differentiate into multiciliated cells. In the human airway epithelium, single-cell RNAseq has identified novel intermediate populations such as deuterosomal cells, 'hybrid' mucous-multiciliated cells and progenitors of rare cells. Novel differentiation dynamics, such as a transition from goblet to multiciliated cells have also been discovered. The future of cell lineage relationships in the respiratory tract now resides in the combination of genetic labeling approaches with single-cell RNAseq to establish, in a definitive manner, the hallmarks of cellular lineages in normal and pathological situations.

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