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Rising trends in the incidence of shoulder dystocia and development of a novel shoulder dystocia risk score tool: a nationwide population-based study of 800 484 Finnish deliveries.

肩难产发生率上升趋势和新型肩难产风险评分工具的开发: 一项基于全国800 484芬兰分娩的人群研究。

  • 影响因子:2.21
  • DOI:10.1111/aogs.14022
  • 作者列表:"Heinonen K","Saisto T","Gissler M","Kaijomaa M","Sarvilinna N
  • 发表时间:2021-03-01
Abstract

INTRODUCTION:Shoulder dystocia has remained an unpredictable and feared emergency in obstetrics. Some risk factors have been identified but nevertheless there is a lack of risk evaluation tools in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of shoulder dystocia in the Finnish population and to develop a shoulder dystocia risk score tool. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This retrospective, population-based study included all deliveries in Finland between 2004 and 2017 (n = 800 484). The annual numbers of shoulder dystocia diagnoses were gathered from nationwide Finnish Medical Birth Register and Hospital Discharge Register. The incidence of shoulder dystocia was calculated in subgroups according to the mode of delivery, maternal diabetes status, body mass index (BMI), age, parity and gestational age. Based on these numbers, a shoulder dystocia risk score tool was created. RESULTS:The overall incidence of shoulder dystocia was 0.18%. It increased significantly during the study period from 0.10% to 0.32% (P < .001). More specifically, the incidence increased significantly in all analyzed subgroups except for women with BMI <18.5 or age <20 years. To evaluate the importance of risk factors, practical and simple shoulder dystocia risk score tool was created. Instrumental vaginal delivery, maternal diabetes of any kind, BMI ≥25, age ≥40 years and gestational age ≥41 weeks were associated with higher shoulder dystocia risk compared with non-diabetic, non-obese and younger women with spontaneous deliveries before 41 weeks of gestation. In our risk score tool, cases with shoulder dystocia had a significantly higher number of risk points than those without it (15.2 vs 10.4, P < .001). The risk was significantly high when the scores were ≥18 points (relative risk 9.54, 95% confidence interval 8.61-10.57). CONCLUSIONS:The incidence of shoulder dystocia in Finland increased during the study period but it is still low compared with previous studies from other countries. In clinical daily practice, the new shoulder dystocia risk score tool helps to evaluate the individual risk profile of the parturient. According to this risk score tool, the highest risk was found with the combination of instrumental vaginal delivery, maternal diabetes, BMI ≥25, age ≥40 years and gestational age ≥41 weeks.

摘要

前言: 肩难产仍然是产科不可预测和可怕的急症。已经确定了一些风险因素,但在临床实践中缺乏风险评估工具。本研究的目的是评估芬兰人群肩难产的发生率和危险因素,并开发肩难产风险评分工具。 材料和方法: 这项基于人群的回顾性研究包括了芬兰2004年至2017年间的所有分娩 (n = 800 484)。从全国范围内的芬兰医学出生登记簿和医院出院登记簿中收集每年肩难产诊断的数量。根据分娩方式、产妇糖尿病状况、体重指数 (BMI) 、年龄、产次、孕周等亚组计算肩难产发生率。基于这些数字,创建了肩难产风险评分工具。 结果: 肩难产的总发生率为0.18%。在研究期间显著增加,从0.10% 增加到0.32% (P <.001)。更具体地说,除BMI <18.5或年龄 <20岁的女性外,所有分析亚组的发病率都显著增加。为了评估危险因素的重要性,创建了实用简单的肩难产风险评分工具。与妊娠41周前自然分娩的非糖尿病、非肥胖和年轻女性相比,器械阴道分娩、任何类型的母亲糖尿病、BMI ≥ 25、年龄 ≥ 40岁和孕周 ≥ 41周与较高的肩难产风险相关。在我们的风险评分工具中,肩难产病例的风险点数量显著高于无肩难产的病例 (15.2 vs 10.4,P <.001)。当评分 ≥ 18分时,风险显著升高 (相对风险9.54,95% 置信区间8.61-10.57)。 结论: 芬兰肩难产的发生率在研究期间有所增加,但与其他国家的研究相比仍然较低。在临床日常实践中,新的肩难产风险评分工具有助于评估产妇的个体风险状况。根据这一风险评分工具,发现合并器械阴道分娩、产妇糖尿病、BMI ≥ 25、年龄 ≥ 40岁和胎龄 ≥ 41周的风险最高。

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