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Quantitative sensory testing of the equine face.

马面部的定量感觉测试。

  • 影响因子:1.86
  • DOI:10.1111/evj.13270
  • 作者列表:"Veres-Nyéki KO","Nyéki J","Bodó G","Spadavecchia C
  • 发表时间:2021-01-01
Abstract

BACKGROUND:Quantitative sensory testing methods are now standard in the evaluation of sensory function in man, while few normal equine values have been reported. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this experimental study was (a) to define the tactile sensory, mechanical nociceptive and thermal nociceptive thresholds of the equine face; (b) to assess the effect of age, sex, stimulation site and shaving; (c) to evaluate the reliability of the methods and (d) to provide reference facial quantitative sensory testing values. STUDY DESIGN:Method description. METHODS:Thirty-four healthy Warmblood horses were used in the study. Six (tactile sensory threshold) and five (mechanical nociceptive and thermal nociceptive thresholds) areas of the left side of the face with clear anatomical landmarks were evaluated. Ten horses had two (mechanical nociceptive threshold) or three (tactile sensory and thermal nociceptive thresholds) of these areas shaved for another study. A linear Mixed model was used for data analysis. RESULTS:All thresholds increased with age (tactile sensory threshold: by 0.90 g/y (CI = [0.12 g; 0.36 g]) P = .001; mechanical nociceptive threshold: by 0.25 N/y (CI = [0.13-0.36 N]) P = .000; thermal nociceptive threshold: by 0.2°C/y (CI = [0.055-0.361]) P = .008). Sex had no effect on thresholds (tactile sensory threshold: P = .1; mechanical nociceptive threshold: P = .09; thermal nociceptive threshold: P = .2). Stimulation site affected tactile sensory and mechanical nociceptive thresholds (P = .001 and P = .008), but not thermal nociceptive threshold (P = .9). Shaving had no significant effect on any of the thresholds (tactile sensory threshold: P = .06; mechanical nociceptive threshold: P = .08; thermal nociceptive threshold: P = .09). MAIN LIMITATIONS:Only the left side was investigated and measurements were obtained on a single occasion. CONCLUSIONS:Handheld quantitative sensory testing does not require shaving or clipping to provide reliable measurements. Stimulation over the nostril (tactile sensory threshold), temporomandibular joint (mechanical nociceptive threshold) and supraorbital foramen (thermal nociceptive threshold) resulted in the most consistent thresholds.

摘要

背景: 目前,定量感觉测试方法已成为评价人类感觉功能的标准,而正常马值的报道很少。 目的: 这项实验研究的目的是 (a) 定义马面部的触觉感觉、机械伤害性和热伤害性阈值; (b) 评估年龄、性别、刺激部位和剃须的影响; (c) 评估方法的可靠性和 (d)为面部定量感觉检测值提供参考。 研究设计: 方法描述。 方法: 用34匹健康的温血马作为研究对象。评估了左侧面部具有清晰解剖标志的6个 (触觉感觉阈值) 和5个 (机械伤害性和热伤害性阈值) 区域。对于另一项研究,10匹马在这些区域中具有2个 (机械伤害性阈值) 或3个 (触觉感觉和热伤害性阈值)。使用线性混合模型进行数据分析。 结果: 所有阈值随年龄增加 (触觉感觉阈值: 0.90g/y (CI = [0.12g; 0.36g]) P =。001; 机械伤害性阈值: 0.25 N/y (CI = [0.13-0.36 N]) P =。000; 热伤害性阈值: 0.2 °C/y (CI = [0.055-0.361]) P = .008)。性别对阈值没有影响 (触觉感觉阈值: P = .1; 机械伤害性阈值: P = .09; 热伤害性阈值: P = .2)。刺激部位影响触觉感觉和机械伤害性阈值 (P = .001和P = .008),但不影响热伤害性阈值 (P = .9)。剃须对任何阈值均无显著影响 (触觉感觉阈值: P = .06; 机械伤害性阈值: P = .08; 热伤害性阈值: P = .09)。 主要限制: 仅对左侧进行研究,并且在单次上获得测量结果。 结论: 手持式定量感觉测试不需要剃须或修剪来提供可靠的测量。对鼻孔 (触觉感觉阈值) 、颞下颌关节 (机械伤害性阈值) 和眶上孔 (热伤害性阈值) 的刺激导致最一致的阈值。

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