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Objectively measured movement asymmetry in yearling Standardbred trotters.
客观地测量了一岁标准猪蹄的运动不对称性。
- 影响因子:0
- DOI:10.1111/evj.13302
- 作者列表:"Kallerud AS","Fjordbakk CT","Hendrickson EHS","Persson-Sjodin E","Hammarberg M","Rhodin M","Hernlund E
- 发表时间:2021-05-01
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Lameness evaluation of Standardbred trotters can be challenging due to discrepancies in observed movement asymmetry between in-hand and track exercise, and between different trotting speeds. There are few studies on objective measurement of movement in Standardbreds, and little knowledge regarding biological variation and clinical significance of measured movement asymmetry in this breed. OBJECTIVES:To quantify the prevalence and magnitude of objectively measured movement asymmetry in young Standardbred trotters, and identify associations with trainer, sex, height, track type and in-hand measurement prior to or after track trials. STUDY DESIGN:Cross-sectional, observational study. METHODS:A total of 114 Standardbred yearlings were evaluated with a wireless inertial sensor system during trot in-hand and when driven on a track. After exclusions relating to lameness or technical difficulties, 103 horses were included in the study; 77 were evaluated in-hand and on the track, 24 only in-hand and 2 only on the track. RESULTS:Front and/or hindlimb parameters were above asymmetry thresholds previously established for other breeds during in-hand trials for 94 (93%) horses and during track trials for 74 (94%) horses. Most horses showed mild asymmetry. A minority of horses (20%) switched side of the asymmetry for one or more parameters between in-hand and track trials. Mixed model analyses revealed no significant effects of trial mode (in-hand or track trial, in-hand trial pre- or post-track trial, straight or oval track), trainer or horse height. Females had a significant but small reduction in asymmetry in one front limb parameter (HDmax ) compared with males (1.7 mm, 95% CI 0.18-3.28, P = .03). MAIN LIMITATIONS:High data variability, reflected in large trial standard deviations, relating mainly to a lack of horse compliance. CONCLUSIONS:A high proportion of Standardbred yearlings showed movement asymmetries. There was no group-level effect between in-hand and track trials, however, considerable individual variation was observed.
摘要
背景: 由于观察到的手和轨道运动之间以及不同小跑速度之间的运动不对称性存在差异,标准小跑的跛行评估可能具有挑战性。关于标准品种中运动的客观测量的研究很少,关于该品种中测量的运动不对称性的生物学变异和临床意义的知识也很少。 目的: 量化客观测量的年轻标准马蹄运动不对称性的患病率和幅度,并在跟踪试验之前或之后确定与训练者、性别、身高、轨迹类型和手动测量的关联。 研究设计: 横断面观察性研究。 方法: 用无线惯性传感器系统对总共114名标准的一岁儿童进行了手背小跑和在轨道上行驶的评估。在排除与跛行或技术困难有关的情况后,103匹马被纳入研究; 77匹马在手中和赛道上进行评估,24匹仅在手中和2匹仅在赛道上进行评估。 结果: 在对94 (93%) 匹马的手抓试验期间和在对74 (94%) 匹马的跟踪试验期间,前肢和/或后肢参数高于先前为其他品种建立的不对称阈值。大多数马表现出轻度不对称。少数马 (20%) 在手握试验和跟踪试验之间针对一个或多个参数切换不对称的一侧。混合模型分析显示,试验模式 (手或径赛试验、径赛前或后试验、直线或椭圆形径赛) 、训练师或马的身高无显著影响。与男性相比,女性在一个前肢参数 (HDmax) 中的不对称性显著但较小的降低 (1.7毫米,95% CI 0.18-3.28,P = .03)。 主要限制: 高数据变异性,反映在较大的试验标准偏差中,主要与缺乏依从性有关。 结论: 高比例的标准幼年期动物表现出运动不对称性。在手试验和跟踪试验之间没有群体水平效应,然而,观察到相当大的个体差异。
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