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Eruptions and related clinical course among 296 hospitalized adults with confirmed COVID-19.
新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊的296例住院成人皮疹和相关临床过程。
- 影响因子:2.93
- DOI:10.1016/j.jaad.2020.12.046
- 作者列表:"Rekhtman S","Tannenbaum R","Strunk A","Birabaharan M","Wright S","Grbic N","Joseph A","Lin SK","Zhang AC","Lee EC","Rivera E","Qiu M","Chelico J","Garg A
- 发表时间:2021-04-01
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Limited information exists on mucocutaneous disease and its relation to course of COVID-19. OBJECTIVE:To estimate prevalence of mucocutaneous findings, characterize morphologic patterns, and describe relationship to course in hospitalized adults with COVID-19. METHODS:Prospective cohort study at 2 tertiary hospitals (Northwell Health) between May 11, 2020 and June 15, 2020. RESULTS:Among 296 hospitalized adults with COVID-19, 35 (11.8%) had at least 1 disease-related eruption. Patterns included ulcer (13/35, 37.1%), purpura (9/35, 25.7%), necrosis (5/35, 14.3%), nonspecific erythema (4/35, 11.4%), morbilliform eruption (4/35, 11.4%), pernio-like lesions (4/35, 11.4%), and vesicles (1/35, 2.9%). Patterns also showed anatomic site specificity. A greater proportion of patients with mucocutaneous findings used mechanical ventilation (61% vs 30%), used vasopressors (77% vs 33%), initiated dialysis (31% vs 9%), had thrombosis (17% vs 11%), and had in-hospital mortality (34% vs 12%) compared with those without mucocutaneous findings. Patients with mucocutaneous disease were more likely to use mechanical ventilation (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.37-2.86); P < .001). Differences for other outcomes were attenuated after covariate adjustment and did not reach statistical significance. LIMITATIONS:Skin biopsies were not performed. CONCLUSIONS:Distinct mucocutaneous patterns were identified in hospitalized adults with COVID-19. Mucocutaneous disease may be linked to more severe clinical course.
摘要
背景: 关于皮肤黏膜疾病及其与新型冠状病毒肺炎病程的关系的信息有限。 目的: 评估新型冠状病毒肺炎住院成人皮肤黏膜表现的患病率,描述形态模式,并描述与病程的关系。 方法: 在2020年5月11日至20年6月15日期间在2家三级医院 (Northwell Health) 进行前瞻性队列研究。 结果: 在296例新型冠状病毒肺炎的住院成人中,35例 (11.8%) 至少有1例与疾病相关的皮疹。类型包括溃疡 (13/35,37.1%),紫癜 (9/35,25.7%),坏死 (5/35,14.3%),非特异性红斑 (4/35,11.4%),麻疹样疹 (4/35,11.4%),pernio样病变 (4/35,11.4%) 和囊泡 (1/35,2.9%)。模式也显示解剖部位特异性。与无皮肤黏膜检查结果的患者相比,有较高比例的皮肤黏膜检查结果的患者使用机械通气 (61% vs 30%) 、使用血管加压药 (77% vs 33%) 、开始透析 (31% vs 17%) 、血栓形成 (11% vs 34%) 和院内死亡率 (12% vs)。皮肤黏膜疾病患者更倾向于使用机械通气 (校正患病率比,1.98; 95% 可信区间,1.37-2.86; P <.001)。其他结局的差异在协变量调整后减弱,未达到统计学显著性. 局限性: 未进行皮肤活检。 结论: 在新型冠状病毒肺炎的住院成人中发现了不同的皮肤黏膜模式。皮肤粘膜疾病可能与更严重的临床过程有关。
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METHODS::The ATP binding-cassette superfamily corresponds the mostly transmembrane transporters family found in humans. These proteins actively transport endogenous and exogenous substrates through biological membranes in body tissues, so they have an important role in the regulation of many physiological functions necessary for human homeostasis, as well as in response regulation to several pharmacological substrates. The development of multidrug resistance has become one of the main troubles in conventional chemotherapy in different illnesses including cancer, being the increased efflux of antineoplastic drugs the main reason for this multidrug resistance, with a key role of the ABC superfamily. Likely, the interindividual variability in the pharmacological response among patients is well known, and may be due to intrinsically factors of the disease, genetic and environmental ones. Thus, the understanding of this variability, especially the genetic variability associated with the efficacy and toxicity of drugs, can provide a safer and more effective pharmacological treatment, so ABC genes are considered as important regulators due to their relationship with the reduction in pharmacological response. In this review, updated information about transporters belonging to this superfamily was collected, the possible role of these transporters in cancer, the role of genetic variability in their genes, as well as some therapeutic tools that have been tried to raise against main transporters associated with chemoresistance in cancer.
METHODS:BACKGROUND:Cholinergic neurotransmission regulates neuroinflammation in Parkinson disease (PD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:The authors conducted a delayed-start study of donepezil for cognitive decline in non-demented PD patients. The study consisted of a 96-week randomized placebo-controlled double-blind phase 1, followed by a 24-week donepezil extension phase 2. The primary outcome measure was a change in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at week 120. RESULTS:A total of 98 patients were randomly allocated to the early-start (donepezil-to-donepezil) and delayed-start (placebo-to-donepezil) groups. Mean (SD) of the baseline MMSE was 27.6 (2.0) and 28.0 (2.1), respectively. MMSE change at week 120 was better in the early-start group than in the delayed-start group, but the difference was not significant. The MMSE declined in apolipoprotein ε4 carriers, but not in non-carriers, and the factor interaction (intervention × ε4 genotype) was highly significant (P < 0.001). Analyzed with the interaction, the difference was significant (group difference 1.95 [0.33 to 3.57], P = 0.018). The MMSE decline slope in phase 1 was significantly better in the early-start group than in the delayed-start group (P = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS:Cognitive function deteriorated in ε4 carriers, but not in non-carriers, and early-start donepezil may postpone cognitive decline in the former.
METHODS::Since the discovery of dental pulp stem cells, a lot of teams have expressed an interest in dental pulp regeneration. Many approaches, experimental models and biological explorations have been developed, each including the use of stem cells and scaffolds with the final goal being clinical application in humans. In this review, the authors' objective was to compare the experimental models and strategies used for the development of biomaterials for tissue engineering of dental pulp with stem cells. Electronic queries were conducted on PubMed using the following terms: pulp regeneration, scaffold, stem cells, tissue engineering and biomaterial. The extracted data included the following information: the strategy envisaged, the type of stem cells, the experimental models, the exploration or analysis methods, the cytotoxicity or viability or proliferation cellular tests, the tests of scaffold antibacterial properties and take into account the vascularization of the regenerated dental pulp. From the 71 selected articles, 59% focused on the "cell-transplantation" strategy, 82% used in vitro experimentation, 58% in vivo animal models and only one described an in vivo in situ human clinical study. 87% used dental pulp stem cells. A majority of the studies reported histology (75%) and immunohistochemistry explorations (66%). 73% mentioned the use of cytotoxicity, proliferation or viability tests. 48% took vascularization into account but only 6% studied the antibacterial properties of the scaffolds. This article gives an overview of the methods used to regenerate dental pulp from stem cells and should help researchers create the best development strategies for research in this field.