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Long-Term Gemcitabine Treatment Reshapes the Pancreatic Tumor Microenvironment and Sensitizes Murine Carcinoma to Combination Immunotherapy.

长期吉西他滨治疗重塑胰腺肿瘤微环境,使鼠癌对联合免疫治疗敏感。

  • 影响因子:6.94
  • DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-2959
  • 作者列表:"Principe DR","Narbutis M","Kumar S","Park A","Viswakarma N","Dorman MJ","Kamath SD","Grippo PJ","Fishel ML","Hwang RF","Thummuri D","Underwood PW","Munshi HG","Trevino JG","Rana A
  • 发表时间:2020-04-01
Abstract

:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death with a median survival time of 6-12 months. Most patients present with disseminated disease and the majority are offered palliative chemotherapy. With no approved treatment modalities for patients who progress on chemotherapy, we explored the effects of long-term Gemcitabine on the tumor microenvironment in order to identify potential therapeutic options for chemo-refractory PDAC. Using a combination of mouse models, primary cell line-derived xenografts, and established tumor cell lines, we first evaluated chemotherapy-induced alterations in the tumor secretome and immune surface proteins by high throughput proteomic arrays. In addition to enhancing antigen presentation and immune checkpoint expression, Gemcitabine consistently increased the synthesis of CCL/CXCL chemokines and TGFβ-associated signals. These secreted factors altered the composition of the tumor stroma, conferring Gemcitabine resistance to cancer-associated fibroblasts in vitro and further enhancing TGFβ1 biosynthesis. Combined Gemcitabine and anti-PD-1 treatment in transgenic models of murine PDAC failed to alter disease course unless mice also underwent genetic or pharmacologic ablation of TGFβ signaling. In the setting of TGFβ signaling deficiency, Gemcitabine and anti-PD-1 led to a robust CD8+ T-cell response and decrease in tumor burden, markedly enhancing overall survival. These results suggest that Gemcitabine successfully primes PDAC tumors for immune checkpoint inhibition by enhancing antigen presentation only following disruption of the immunosuppressive cytokine barrier. Given the current lack of third-line treatment options, this approach warrants consideration in the clinical management of Gemcitabine-refractory PDAC.

摘要

: 胰腺导管腺癌 (PDAC) 是癌症相关死亡的主要原因,中位生存期为 6-12 个月。大多数患者表现为播散性疾病,大多数患者提供姑息性化疗。由于化疗进展的患者没有批准的治疗方式,我们探讨了长期吉西他滨对肿瘤微环境的影响,以便确定化疗难治性 PDAC 的潜在治疗选择。使用小鼠模型、原代细胞系来源的异种移植物和已建立的肿瘤细胞系的组合,我们首先通过高通量蛋白质组阵列评价了化疗诱导的肿瘤分泌组和免疫表面蛋白的改变。除了增强抗原呈递和免疫检查点表达,吉西他滨还持续增加 CCL/CXCL 趋化因子和 tgf β 相关信号的合成。这些分泌因子改变了肿瘤间质的组成,在体外赋予吉西他滨对癌症相关成纤维细胞的耐药性,并进一步增强了 tgf β 1 的生物合成。在转基因鼠 PDAC 模型中联合吉西他滨和 anti-PD-1 治疗未能改变病程,除非小鼠也接受了 tgf β 信号的遗传或药物消融。在 tgf β 信号缺陷的情况下,吉西他滨和 anti-PD-1 导致了强大的 CD8 + T 细胞反应和肿瘤负荷的减少,显著提高了总生存期。这些结果表明,吉西他滨仅在破坏免疫抑制细胞因子屏障后,通过增强抗原呈递,成功为 PDAC 肿瘤免疫检查点抑制奠定基础。鉴于目前缺乏三线治疗方案,这种方法值得在吉西他滨难治性 PDAC 的临床管理中考虑。

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影响因子:5.5150
发表时间:2020-01-27
来源期刊:Aging
DOI:10.18632/aging.102776
作者列表:["Akula SM","Ruvolo PP","McCubrey JA"]

METHODS::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease of aging. The TP53 gene product regulates cell growth, aging, and cancer. To determine the important targets of TP53 in PDAC, we examined the expression of 440 proteins on a reverse phase protein array (RPPA) in PDAC-derived MIA-PaCa-2 cells which either had WT-TP53 or lacked WT-TP53. MIA-PaCa-2 cells have a TP53 mutation as well as mutant KRAS and represent a good in vitro model to study PDAC. RPPA analysis demonstrated expression of tumor promoting proteins in cells that lacked WT-TP53; and this feature could be reversed significantly when the cells were transfected with vector encoding WT-TP53 or treated with berberine or a modified berberine (BBR). Expression of miR-34a-associated signaling was elevated in cells expressing WT-TP53 compared to cells expressing mTP53. Results from in vivo studies using human PDAC specimens confirmed the in vitro results as the expression of miR-34a and associated signaling was significantly decreased in PDAC specimens compared to non-cancerous tissues. This study determined SERPINE1 as a miR-34a target with relevance to the biology of PDAC. Thus, we have identified a key target (SERPINE1) of the TP53/miR-34a axis that may serve as a potential biomarker for early detection of pancreatic cancer.

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影响因子:5.13
发表时间:2020-01-28
DOI:10.1080/17425247.2020.1723544
作者列表:["Kou L","Huang H","Lin X","Jiang X","Bao S","Luo Q","Sun J","Yao Q","Ganapathy V","Chen R"]

METHODS::Background: SLC6A14 (ATB0,+), a Na+/Cl-coupled transporter for neutral/cationic amino acids, is overexpressed in many cancers; It has been investigated as a target for improved liposomal drug delivery to treat liver cancer.Research design and methods: Here we explored the mechanism of ATB0,+-mediated entry of such liposomes. As ATB0,+ is highly-expressed in pancreatic cancer, we also examined the therapeutic utility of ATB0,+-targeted liposomal drug delivery to treat this cancer.Results: The uptake of lysine-conjugated liposomes (LYS-LPs) was greater in ATB0,+-positive MCF7 cells. The uptake process consisted of two steps: binding and internalization. The binding of LYS-LPs to MCF7 cells was higher than that of bare liposomes, and the process was dependent on Na+ and Cl-, and inhibitable by ATB0,+ substrates or blocker. In contrast, the internalization step was independent of lysine. The cellular entry of LYS-LPs facilitated by ATB0,+ occurred via endocytosis with transient endosomal degradation of ATB0,+ protein with subsequent recovery. Moreover, LYS-LPs also enhanced the uptake and cytotoxicity of gemcitabine in these cells in an ATB0,+-dependent manner.Conclusions: We conclude that ATB0,+ could be exploited for targeted drug delivery in the form of lysine-conjugated liposomes and that the approach represents a novel strategy for enhanced pancreatic cancer therapy.

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影响因子:2.30
发表时间:2020-01-28
DOI:10.1007/s00423-020-01857-4
作者列表:["Okada KI","Kawai M","Hirono S","Kojima F","Tanioka K","Terada M","Miyazawa M","Kitahata Y","Iwahashi Y","Ueno M","Hayami S","Murata SI","Shimokawa T","Yamaue H"]

METHODS:PURPOSE:Pre-operative prediction of histological response to neoadjuvant therapy aids decisions regarding surgical management of borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC). We elucidate correlation between pre-/post-treatment whole-tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and rate of tumor cell destruction. We newly verify whether post-treatment ADC value at the site of vascular contact predicts R0 resectability of BRPC. METHODS:We prospectively reviewed 28 patients with BRPC who underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery. Correlation between the percentage of tumor cell destruction and various parameters was analyzed. Strong parameters were assessed for their ability to predict therapeutic histological response and R0 resectability. RESULTS:Pre-/post-treatment whole-tumor ADC value correlated with tumor cell destruction rate by all parameters (R = 0.630/0.714, P  50% was determined at 1.40 × 10-3 mm2/s. It predicts histological response with 100% sensitivity, 81% specificity, and 89% accuracy. It predicts R0 with 88% sensitivity, 70% specificity, and 75% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS:Post-treatment whole-tumor ADC value may be a predictor of R0 resectability in patients with BRPC. Tumor cell destruction rate is indicated by the difference between pre-/post-treatment ADC values. This difference is strongly affected by the pre-treatment ADC value. The cutoff value of ADC at the site of vascular contact could not discriminate R0 resectability.

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