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STYX/FBXW7 axis participates the development of endometrial cancer cell via Notch-mTOR signaling pathway.
STYX/FBXW7 轴通过 Notch-mTOR 信号通路参与子宫内膜癌细胞的发育。
- 影响因子:2.87
- DOI:10.1042/BSR20200057
- 作者列表:"Liu L","Jiang H","Wang X","Wang X","Zou L
- 发表时间:2020-04-02
Abstract
:Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy in world. It has been reported that the mutation rate of FBXW7 is frequent in EC, but the specific functions of FBXW7 remains unknown in EC. In this study, we revealed the role and mechanism of FBXW7 in EC cells. Compared with adjacent nontumor tissues, the FBXW7 expression level was lower in EC tissues. However, the level of STYX was in contrast to the expression of FBXW7 in EC tissues. And STYX interacted with FBXW7 and then down-regulated its expression level in EC. Over-expression of FBXW7 inhibited cell proliferation and facilitated apoptosis in EC cells, whereas silencing FBXW7 acted an opposite effect on EC cells. And the process of FBXW7 participated the proliferation and apoptosis in EC was regulated by STYX. FBXW7 suppressed the expression of Notch pathway related protein, and further inhibited the phosphorylation of mTOR. In addition, we also found that mTOR activitor (MHY1485) and Notch activator (Jagged-1) reversed the effect of over-expressing FBXW7 on cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. And Notch inhibitor (DAPT) counteracted the the impact of over-expressing STYX on cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. Collectively, this study verified that STYX inhibited the expression level of FBXW7 in EC, and then promoted cell proliferation but suppressed apoptosis through Notch-mTOR signaling pathway, which promote carcinogenesis and progression of EC.
摘要
: 子宫内膜癌 (EC) 是世界上最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤。有报道 FBXW7 在 EC 中突变率较高,但 FBXW7 在 EC 中的具体功能尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们揭示了 FBXW7 在 EC 细胞中的作用和机制。与癌旁非肿瘤组织相比,FBXW7 在 EC 组织中的表达水平较低。然而,在 EC 组织中,STYX 的水平与 FBXW7 的表达相反。并且 STYX 与 FBXW7 相互作用,然后下调其在 EC 中的表达水平。过表达 FBXW7 抑制 EC 细胞增殖,促进 EC 细胞凋亡,而沉默 FBXW7 对 EC 细胞起相反作用。而 FBXW7 参与的 EC 增殖和凋亡过程受 STYX 的调控。FBXW7 抑制 Notch 通路相关蛋白的表达,进而抑制 mTOR 的磷酸化。此外,我们还发现 mTOR activor (MHY1485) 和 Notch 激活剂 (Jagged-1) 逆转了过度表达 FBXW7 对细胞增殖和细胞凋亡的影响。Notch 抑制剂 (DAPT) 抵消了过度表达 STYX 对细胞增殖和细胞凋亡的影响。总的来说,本研究验证了 STYX 抑制 EC 中 FBXW7 的表达水平,然后通过 Notch-mTOR 信号通路促进细胞增殖但抑制凋亡,促进 EC 的癌变和进展。
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METHODS:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the differences in perioperative outcomes and immediate complication rates between laparoscopic myomectomy for submucous myomas and laparoscopic myomectomy for myomas in other locations. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:University-affiliated hospital in London. PATIENTS:A total of 350 patients with symptomatic uterine myomas underwent laparoscopic myomectomy. Thirty-three of these were performed for submucous myomas (group 1), and 317 were for myomas in other uterine locations (group 2). INTERVENTIONS:Analysis of prospectively collected data on patient demographics, myoma characteristics, perioperative outcomes, and immediate complications. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Patient demographics, including age, body mass index, and parity, were similar in the 2 groups. No significant differences in myoma characteristics were seen between groups 1 and 2, including the mean dimension of largest myoma (7.1 vs 7.8 cm, respectively; p = .35), mean number of myomas removed (3.8 vs 4.1; p = .665), and mean mass of myomas removed (142.0 g vs 227.3 g; p = .186). There were also no significant between-group differences in any perioperative outcomes, including mean blood loss (226.8 mL vs 266.4 mL; p = .373), duration of surgery (103 minutes vs 113 minutes; p = .264), and duration of hospital stay (1.4 days vs 1.7 days; p = .057). No complications arose from laparoscopic resection of submucous myomas. CONCLUSION:Laparoscopic myomectomy for submucous myomas has similar perioperative outcomes and immediate complications as laparoscopic myomectomy for other myomas and can be considered for large or type 2 submucous myomas.
METHODS:INTRODUCTION:Laparoscopic myomectomy can be difficult when fibroids are large and numerous. This may result in extensive intraoperative bleeding and the need for a conversion to a laparotomy. Medical pretreatment prior to surgery might reduce these risks by decreasing fibroid size and vascularization of the fibroid. We compared pretreatment with ulipristal acetate (UPA) vs gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) prior to laparoscopic myomectomy on several intra- and postoperative outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS:We performed a non-inferiority double-blind randomized controlled trial in nine hospitals in the Netherlands. Women were randomized between daily oral UPA for 12 weeks and single placebo injection or single intramuscular injection with leuprolide acetate and daily placebo tablets for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was intraoperative blood loss. Secondary outcomes were reduction of fibroid volume, suturing time, total surgery time and surgical ease. RESULTS:Thirty women received UPA and 25 women leuprolide acetate. Non-inferiority of UPA regarding intraoperative blood loss was not demonstrated. When pretreated with UPA, median intraoperative blood loss was statistically significantly higher (525 mL [348-1025] vs 280 mL[100-500]; P = 0.011) and suturing time of the first fibroid was statistically significantly longer (40 minutes [28-48] vs 22 minutes [14-33]; P = 0.003) compared with GnRHa. Pretreatment with UPA showed smaller reduction in fibroid volume preoperatively compared with GnRHa (-7.2% [-35.5 to 54.1] vs -38.4% [-71.5 to -19.3]; P = 0.001). Laparoscopic myomectomies in women pretreated with UPA were subjectively judged more difficult than in women pretreated with GnRHa. CONCLUSIONS:Non-inferiority of UPA in terms of intraoperative blood loss could not be established, possibly due to the preliminary termination of the study. Pretreatment with GnRHa was more favorable than UPA in terms of fibroid volume reduction, intraoperative blood loss, hemoglobin drop directly postoperatively, suturing time of the first fibroid and several subjective surgical ease parameters.
METHODS:AIMS:Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) syndrome is caused by germline mutations in the Fumarate hydratase (FH) gene. In young women, the syndrome often presents with symptomatic uterine leiomyomas, leading to myomectomy or hysterectomy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the incidence and mutational profiles of FH-negative leiomyomas from young patients, thus allowing for early identification and triage of syndromic patients for surveillance. METHODS AND RESULTS:We evaluated 153 cases of uterine leiomyomas from women aged up to 30 years for loss of FH expression by tissue microarray (TMA)-based immunohistochemical staining. Mutational analysis of tumours with loss of FH was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 10 exons within the FH gene and subsequent Sanger sequencing. The status of promoter methylation was assessed by bisulphite sequencing. Loss of FH protein expression was detected in seven (4.6%) of 153 tested uterine leiomyomas from young patients. All FH-negative leiomyomas displayed staghorn vasculature and fibrillary/neurophil-like cytoplasm. We found that six (86%) of seven FH-negative tumours detected by immunohistochemistry harboured FH mutations, 50% of which contained germline mutations. In particular, the germline mutational rate in FH gene was 2.0% (three of 153 cases). Bisulphite sequencing analysis failed to detect promoter methylation in any of the seven tumours. CONCLUSION:Our study showed a relatively high rate of FH germline mutation in FH-negative uterine leiomyomas from patients aged up to 30 years. While genetic mutations confer protein expression loss, epigenetic regulation of the FH gene appears to be unrelated to this phenotype.