扫码登录小狗阅读
Biliary Ascariasis and severe bacterial outcomes: Report of three cases from a Pediatric Hospital in Brazil.
胆道蛔虫病和严重细菌结局: 来自巴西一家儿科医院的 3 例病例报告。
- 影响因子:2.89
- DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.045
- 作者列表:"de Almeida BL","Silva DV","do Rosário MS","Gonçalves BSD","Nunes MG","Mafra Ney ALC","Silvany C","de Siqueira IC
- 发表时间:2020-03-30
Abstract
:Biliary ascariasis, although uncommon, can lead to infectious complications and severe outcomes. Herein, we report three patients with biliary ascariasis, admitted in a pediatric hospital in Salvador, Brazil. CASE REPORTS:Case 1: 1-year-old boy, with HIV, hospitalized with diarrhea, fever, pain and abdominal distension, underwent exploratory laparotomy, evidencing peritonitis secondary to perforation of the hepatic duct by ascaris. Case 2: 3 years-old boy admitted with fever, abdominal pain and jaundice, with imaging examination suggestive of ascaris in intrahepatic biliary tract and hepatic abscess. Case 3: 7 years-old boy, hospitalized with a history of abdominal colic, jaundice and fever, with a suggestive image of ascaris in biliary tract and evolution to sepsis. DISCUSSION:We report three cases of biliary ascariasis with severe infectious complications involving peritonitis, hepatic abscess and sepsis. CONCLUSION:In endemic regions, biliary ascariasis should be considered in cases with jaundice, abdominal pain and fever, due to its morbidity and risk of complications.
摘要
胆道蛔虫病虽然不常见,但可导致感染并发症和严重结局。在此,我们报告了 3 例胆道蛔虫病患者,在巴西萨尔瓦多的一家儿科医院住院。 病例报告: 病例 1: 1 岁男孩,HIV,因腹泻、发热、疼痛、腹胀住院,行剖腹探查术,证实蛔虫致肝管穿孔继发腹膜炎。病例 2: 3 岁男孩,因发热、腹痛、黄疸入院,影像学检查提示肝内胆道蛔虫、肝脓肿。病例 3: 7 岁男孩,住院,有腹部绞痛、黄疸、发热病史,胆道内有蛔虫的提示影像,演变为脓毒症。 讨论: 我们报告 3 例胆道蛔虫感染,严重感染并发症涉及腹膜炎、肝脓肿和败血症。 结论: 在胆道蛔虫病流行地区,由于其发病率和并发症的风险,黄疸、腹痛、发热病例应考虑胆道蛔虫病。
小狗阅读
帮助医生、学生、科研工作者解决SCI文献找不到、看不懂、阅读效率低的问题。提供领域精准的SCI文献,通过多角度解析提高文献阅读效率,从而使用户获得有价值研究思路。
METHODS:Shigella species cause diarrheal disease globally. Shigellosis is typically characterized by bloody stools and colitis with mucosal damage and is the leading bacterial cause of diarrheal death worldwide. After the pathogen is orally ingested, it invades and replicates within the colonic epithelium through mechanisms that rely on its type III secretion system (T3SS). Currently, oral infection-based small animal models to study the pathogenesis of shigellosis are lacking. Here, we found that orogastric inoculation of infant rabbits with Shigella flexneri resulted in diarrhea and colonic pathology resembling that found in human shigellosis. Fasting animals prior to S. flexneri inoculation increased the frequency of disease. The pathogen colonized the colon, where both luminal and intraepithelial foci were observed. The intraepithelial foci likely arise through S. flexneri spreading from cell to cell. Robust S. flexneri intestinal colonization, invasion of the colonic epithelium, and epithelial sloughing all required the T3SS as well as IcsA, a factor required for bacterial spreading and adhesion in vitro Expression of the proinflammatory chemokine interleukin 8 (IL-8), detected with in situ mRNA labeling, was higher in animals infected with wild-type S. flexneri versus mutant strains deficient in icsA or T3SS, suggesting that epithelial invasion promotes expression of this chemokine. Collectively, our findings suggest that oral infection of infant rabbits offers a useful experimental model for studies of the pathogenesis of shigellosis and for testing of new therapeutics.IMPORTANCEShigella species are the leading bacterial cause of diarrheal death globally. The pathogen causes bacillary dysentery, a bloody diarrheal disease characterized by damage to the colonic mucosa and is usually spread through the fecal-oral route. Small animal models of shigellosis that rely on the oral route of infection are lacking. Here, we found that orogastric inoculation of infant rabbits with S. flexneri led to a diarrheal disease and colonic pathology reminiscent of human shigellosis. Diarrhea, intestinal colonization, and pathology in this model were dependent on the S. flexneri type III secretion system and IcsA, canonical Shigella virulence factors. Thus, oral infection of infant rabbits offers a feasible model to study the pathogenesis of shigellosis and to develop and test new therapeutics.
METHODS:PURPOSE:To quantify the effects of absorbed radiation dose on healthy liver parenchyma following radioembolisation (RE) using [99mTc]TcMebrofenin to analyse both global and regional liver function. METHODS:Patients having RE to treat hepatic disease underwent a [99mTc]TcMebrofenin hepatobilliary scintigraphy (HBS) study at both baseline and 8 weeks following treatment. Changes in global liver uptake rate were compared with healthy liver absorbed dose measures derived from the post-treatment 90Y PET/CT, including average dose, minimum dose to 70% of the volume (D70) and volume receiving at least 50 Gy (V50). Changes in functional burden associated with treatment and spared liver volumes in patients receiving lobar RE were also assessed, as were changes experienced by regional volumes corresponding to various dose ranges. Standard liver function pathology tests (LFTs) (bilirubin, albumin, ALP, AST, ALT and GGT) were examined for changes between baseline and post-treatment. RESULTS:Thirty-five patients were included in the study, of which, 9 had lobar treatment. A significant linear correlation was found between both baseline global liver uptake rate (negative) and D70 with change in global liver uptake rate. Patients undergoing lobar treatments demonstrated a shift in functional burden, and a significant difference was seen between the mean dose corresponding to liver volumes that increased their functional burden (9 Gy) and those that decreased their functional burden (35 Gy). No baseline LFTs predicted a decrease in global liver function; however, D70 demonstrated a linear correlation with changes in bilirubin and GGT. CONCLUSIONS:Given the significant negative relationship between baseline and change in global liver uptake rate, baseline HBS studies should not be used alone to disqualify patients considered for RE. In terms of treatment planning and evaluation, D70 may be the most appropriate metric of dose, with values greater than 15 Gy indicative of a likely drop in global liver function. The evidence of increasing functional burden in spared liver volumes suggests that patients at risk of complications could benefit from a lobar approach to treatment.
METHODS:NLRP3 inflammasome may serve as a potential target for the development of novel therapeutics for inflammatory bowel diseases. In this study, we found that Libertellenone M (Lib M), a secondary metabolite from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. S12, has anti-inflammatory potential both in vitro and in vivo. Lib M selectively inhibited the expression of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β and IL-18 in LPS-activated macrophages. The cleavage of pro-caspase 1 was remarkably reduced by Lib M in macrophages stimulated with three NLRP3 inflammasome activators. Administering Lib M attenuated dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental acute colitis in mice and significantly reduced the production of these cytokines and cleaved caspase 1 in colon tissues. Apart from inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, Lib M also suppressed NF-κB nuclear translocation in macrophages. Taken together, these findings suggest that Lib M-mediated inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation could protect against colitis-like inflammatory diseases, and that this compound derived from a plant-associated fungus might inspire the exploration of novel immunosuppressive agents.