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Partial remission in Brazilian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Association with a haplotype of class II human leukocyte antigen and synthesis of autoantibodies.
巴西 1 型糖尿病儿童和青少年的部分缓解。与 II 类人类白细胞抗原的单倍型结合并合成自身抗体。
- 影响因子:3.27
- DOI:10.1111/pedi.12999
- 作者列表:"Camilo DF","Pradella F","Paulino MF","Baracat ECE","Marini S","Guerra G Jr","Pavin EJ","Parisi C","Longhini ALF","Marques S","Guariento EG","Lieber SR","Macedo CF","Silva LGE","Farias AS","Santos LMB","Volpini WMG
- 发表时间:2020-02-20
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:Characterization of partial remission using the insulin dose-adjusted HbA1c (IDAA1c) ≤ 9 definition in a multiethnic Brazilian population of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D), in addition with the determination of both Class II HLA genotype and autoantibodies. METHODS:We analyzed the prevalence of partial remission in 51 new-onset T1D patients with a median time follow-up of 13 months from diagnosis. For this study, anti-GAD65, anti-IA2 and HLA class II genotyping were considered. RESULTS:Partial remission occurred in 41.2% of T1D patients until 3 months after diagnosis, mainly in those aged 5-15 years. We have demonstrated a significant increase in the haplotypes of class II HLA DRB1*0301-DQB1*0201 in children and adolescents with a partial remission phase of the disease (42.9% vs 21.7% in non-remitters, P = 0.0291). This haplotype was also associated with the reduction of anti-IA2 antibodies production. Homozygote DRB1*03-DQB1*0201/DRB1*03-DQB1*0201 children had the lowest prevalence of IA-2A antibodies (P = 0.0402). However, this association does not correlate with the time of the remission phase. CONCLUSION:Although the number of patients studied was reduced, our data suggested that the association between genetics and decrease in antibody production to certain islet auto-antigen may contribute, at least in part, to the remission phase of T1D. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
摘要
目的: 在巴西多种族 1 型糖尿病 (T1D) 儿童和青少年人群中,使用胰岛素剂量调整 HbA1c (IDAA1c) ≤ 9 定义表征部分缓解, 此外,还测定了 II 类 HLA 基因型和自身抗体。 方法: 我们分析了 51 例新发 T1D 患者部分缓解的患病率,中位随访时间为 13 个月。本研究考虑 anti-GAD65 、 anti-IA2 和 HLA II 类基因分型。 结果: 41.2% 的 T1D 患者在诊断后 3 个月出现部分缓解,主要见于 5 ~ 15 岁的患者。我们已经证明,在疾病部分缓解期的儿童和青少年中,II 类 HLA DRB1 * 0301-DQB1*0201 的单倍型显著增加 (42.9% vs 21.7%,在非缓解者中, P = 0.0291)。这种单倍型也与 anti-IA2 抗体产生减少有关。纯合子 DRB1 * 03-DQB1*0201/DRB1*03-DQB1*0201 儿童 IA-2A 抗体患病率最低 (P = 0.0402)。然而,这种相关性与缓解期的时间无关。 结论: 尽管研究的患者数量减少,我们的数据表明,遗传和某些胰岛自身抗原抗体产生减少之间的关联可能有助于,至少部分, 至 T1D 缓解期。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
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METHODS:BACKGROUND:Given the importance of habitual dietary protein intake, distribution patterns and dietary sources in the aetiology of age-related declines of muscle mass and function, the present study examined these factors as a function of sex and age in Irish adults aged 18-90 years comprising The National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS). METHODS:In total, 1051 (males, n = 523; females, n = 528) undertook a 4-day semi-weighed food diary. Total, body mass relative intake and percentage contribution to total energy intake of dietary protein were determined in addition to protein distribution scores (PDS), as well as the contribution of food groups, animal- and plant-based foods to total protein intake. RESULTS:Total and relative protein intake [mean (SD)] were highest in those aged 18-35 years [96 (3) g day , 1.32 (0.40) g kg day ], with lower protein intakes with increasing age (i.e. in adults aged ≥65 years [82 (22) g, 1.15 (0.34) g kg day , P < 0.001 for both]. Differences in protein intake between age groups were more pronounced in males compared to females. Protein distribution followed a skewed pattern for all age groups [breakfast, 15 (10) g; lunch, 30 (15) g; dinner, 44 (17) g]. Animal-based foods were the dominant protein source within the diet [63% (11%) versus 37% (11%) plant protein, P < 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS:Protein intake and the number of meals reaching the purported threshold for maximising post-prandial anabolism were highest in young adults, and lower with increasing age. For main meals, breakfast provided the lowest quantity of protein across all age categories and may represent an opportunity for improving protein distribution, whereas, in older adults, increasing the number of meals reaching the anabolic threshold regardless of distribution pattern may be more appropriate.
METHODS:BACKGROUND:Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) increases risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. Periodic CRF assessment can have an important preventive function. OBJECTIVE:To develop a protocol-free method to estimate CRF in daily life based on heart rate (HR) and body acceleration measurements. METHODS:Acceleration and HR data were collected from 37 subjects (M=49%) while performing a standardized laboratory activity protocol (sitting, walking, running, cycling) and during a 5-days free-living monitoring period. CRF was determined by oxygen uptake (VO2max) during maximal exercise testing. A doubly-labeled water validated equation was used to predict total energy expenditure (TEE) from acceleration data. A fitness index was defined as the ratio between TEE and HR (TEE-pulse). Activity recognition techniques were used to process acceleration features and classify sedentary, ambulatory and other activity types. Regression equations based on TEE-pulse data from each activity type were developed to predict VO2max. RESULTS:TEE-pulse measured within each activity type of the laboratory protocol was highly correlated to VO2max (r from 0.74 to 0.91). Averaging the outcome of each activity-type specific equation based on TEE-pulse from the laboratory data led to accurate estimates of VO2max (RMSE: 300.0 mlO2/min or 10%). The difference between laboratory and free-living determined TEE-pulse was 3.7 ± 11% (r =0.85). The prediction method preserved the prediction accuracy when applied to free-living data (RMSE: 367 mlO2/min or 12%). CONCLUSIONS:Measurements of body acceleration and HR can be used to predict VO2max in daily life. Activity-specific prediction equations are needed to achieve highly accurate estimates of CRF.
METHODS:OBJECTIVE:Postprandial dyslipidemia is a common feature of insulin resistant states and contributes to increased cardiovascular disease risk. Recently, bile acids have been recognized beyond their emulsification properties as important signaling molecules that promote energy expenditure, improve insulin sensitivity, and lower fasting lipemia. While bile acid receptors have become novel pharmaceutical targets, their effects on postprandial lipid metabolism remain unclear. Here we investigated the potential role of bile acids in regulation of postprandial chylomicron production and triglyceride excursion. Approach and Results: Healthy C57BL/6 mice were given an intraduodenal infusion of taurocholic acid (TA) under fat-loaded conditions and circulating lipids were measured. Targeting of bile acid receptors was achieved with GW4064, a synthetic agonist to the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and with deoxycholic acid (DCA), an activator of the Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5. TA, GW4064, and DCA treatments all lowered postprandial lipemia. FXR agonism also reduced intestinal triglyceride content and activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, involved in chylomicron assembly. Importantly, TA effects (but not DCA) were largely lost in FXR knockout mice. These bile acid effects are reminiscent of the anti-diabetic hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). While the GLP-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 retained its ability to acutely lower postprandial lipemia during bile acid sequestration and FXR deficiency, it did raise hepatic expression of the rate limiting enzyme for bile acid synthesis. CONCLUSIONS:Bile acid signaling may be an important mechanism of controlling dietary lipid absorption and bile acid receptors may constitute novel targets for the treatment of postprandial dyslipidemia.