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Metabolic alterations in immune cells associate with progression to type 1 diabetes.

免疫细胞的代谢改变与 1 型糖尿病的进展相关。

  • 影响因子:5.79
  • DOI:10.1007/s00125-020-05107-6
  • 作者列表:"Sen P","Dickens AM","López-Bascón MA","Lindeman T","Kemppainen E","Lamichhane S","Rönkkö T","Ilonen J","Toppari J","Veijola R","Hyöty H","Hyötyläinen T","Knip M","Orešič M
  • 发表时间:2020-02-11
Abstract

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:Previous metabolomics studies suggest that type 1 diabetes is preceded by specific metabolic disturbances. The aim of this study was to investigate whether distinct metabolic patterns occur in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of children who later develop pancreatic beta cell autoimmunity or overt type 1 diabetes. METHODS:In a longitudinal cohort setting, PBMC metabolomic analysis was applied in children who (1) progressed to type 1 diabetes (PT1D, n = 34), (2) seroconverted to ≥1 islet autoantibody without progressing to type 1 diabetes (P1Ab, n = 27) or (3) remained autoantibody negative during follow-up (CTRL, n = 10). RESULTS:During the first year of life, levels of most lipids and polar metabolites were lower in the PT1D and P1Ab groups compared with the CTRL group. Pathway over-representation analysis suggested alanine, aspartate, glutamate, glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism were over-represented in PT1D. Genome-scale metabolic models of PBMCs during type 1 diabetes progression were developed by using publicly available transcriptomics data and constrained with metabolomics data from our study. Metabolic modelling confirmed altered ceramide pathways, known to play an important role in immune regulation, as specifically associated with type 1 diabetes progression. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION:Our data suggest that systemic dysregulation of lipid metabolism, as observed in plasma, may impact the metabolism and function of immune cells during progression to overt type 1 diabetes. DATA AVAILABILITY:The GEMs for PBMCs have been submitted to BioModels (www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/), under accession number MODEL1905270001. The metabolomics datasets and the clinical metadata generated in this study were submitted to MetaboLights (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/), under accession number MTBLS1015.

摘要

目的/假设: 以前的代谢组学研究表明 1 型糖尿病之前有特定的代谢紊乱。本研究的目的是调查后来发展为胰腺 β 细胞自身免疫或显性 1 型糖尿病的儿童外周血单核细胞 (pbmc) 是否发生不同的代谢模式。 方法: 在纵向队列设置中,对 (1) 进展为 1 型糖尿病 (PT1D,n = 34),(2) 的儿童进行 PBMC 代谢组学分析。血清转化为 ≥ 1 胰岛自身抗体,未进展为 1 型糖尿病 (P1Ab,n = 27) 或 (3) 在随访期间保持自身抗体阴性 (CTRL,n = 10)。 结果: 在生命的第一年,与 CTRL 组相比,PT1D 和 P1Ab 组大多数脂质和极性代谢物的水平较低。通路过度表达分析提示丙氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘油磷脂和鞘脂代谢在 PT1D 中过度表达。通过使用公开的转录组学数据和我们研究的代谢组学数据,开发了 1 型糖尿病进展期间 PBMCs 的基因组规模代谢模型。代谢模型证实了神经酰胺途径的改变,已知神经酰胺途径在免疫调节中起重要作用,与 1 型糖尿病进展具体相关。 结论/解读: 我们的数据表明,血浆中观察到的脂质代谢的系统性失调可能会影响免疫细胞在进展为显性 1 型糖尿病过程中的代谢和功能。 数据可用性: pbmc 的 GEMs 已提交给 BioModels (www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/),登录号为 model1905270001。本研究中生成的代谢组学数据集和临床元数据提交给 MetaboLights (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/),登录号为 mtbls1015。

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影响因子:3.17
发表时间:2020-01-30
DOI:10.1111/jhn.12736
作者列表:["Hone M","Nugent AP","Walton J","McNulty BA","Egan B"]

METHODS:BACKGROUND:Given the importance of habitual dietary protein intake, distribution patterns and dietary sources in the aetiology of age-related declines of muscle mass and function, the present study examined these factors as a function of sex and age in Irish adults aged 18-90 years comprising The National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS). METHODS:In total, 1051 (males, n = 523; females, n = 528) undertook a 4-day semi-weighed food diary. Total, body mass relative intake and percentage contribution to total energy intake of dietary protein were determined in addition to protein distribution scores (PDS), as well as the contribution of food groups, animal- and plant-based foods to total protein intake. RESULTS:Total and relative protein intake [mean (SD)] were highest in those aged 18-35 years [96 (3) g day , 1.32 (0.40) g kg day ], with lower protein intakes with increasing age (i.e. in adults aged ≥65 years [82 (22) g, 1.15 (0.34) g kg day , P < 0.001 for both]. Differences in protein intake between age groups were more pronounced in males compared to females. Protein distribution followed a skewed pattern for all age groups [breakfast, 15 (10) g; lunch, 30 (15) g; dinner, 44 (17) g]. Animal-based foods were the dominant protein source within the diet [63% (11%) versus 37% (11%) plant protein, P < 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS:Protein intake and the number of meals reaching the purported threshold for maximising post-prandial anabolism were highest in young adults, and lower with increasing age. For main meals, breakfast provided the lowest quantity of protein across all age categories and may represent an opportunity for improving protein distribution, whereas, in older adults, increasing the number of meals reaching the anabolic threshold regardless of distribution pattern may be more appropriate.

翻译标题与摘要 下载文献
影响因子:2.76
发表时间:2020-01-30
DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00631.2019
作者列表:["Bonomi AG","Ten Hoor GA","De Morree HM","Plasqui G","Sartor F"]

METHODS:BACKGROUND:Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) increases risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. Periodic CRF assessment can have an important preventive function. OBJECTIVE:To develop a protocol-free method to estimate CRF in daily life based on heart rate (HR) and body acceleration measurements. METHODS:Acceleration and HR data were collected from 37 subjects (M=49%) while performing a standardized laboratory activity protocol (sitting, walking, running, cycling) and during a 5-days free-living monitoring period. CRF was determined by oxygen uptake (VO2max) during maximal exercise testing. A doubly-labeled water validated equation was used to predict total energy expenditure (TEE) from acceleration data. A fitness index was defined as the ratio between TEE and HR (TEE-pulse). Activity recognition techniques were used to process acceleration features and classify sedentary, ambulatory and other activity types. Regression equations based on TEE-pulse data from each activity type were developed to predict VO2max. RESULTS:TEE-pulse measured within each activity type of the laboratory protocol was highly correlated to VO2max (r from 0.74 to 0.91). Averaging the outcome of each activity-type specific equation based on TEE-pulse from the laboratory data led to accurate estimates of VO2max (RMSE: 300.0 mlO2/min or 10%). The difference between laboratory and free-living determined TEE-pulse was 3.7 ± 11% (r =0.85). The prediction method preserved the prediction accuracy when applied to free-living data (RMSE: 367 mlO2/min or 12%). CONCLUSIONS:Measurements of body acceleration and HR can be used to predict VO2max in daily life. Activity-specific prediction equations are needed to achieve highly accurate estimates of CRF.

翻译标题与摘要 下载文献
影响因子:3.76
发表时间:2020-01-31
DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00386.2018
作者列表:["Farr S","Stankovic B","Hoffman S","Masoudpoor H","Baker C","Taher J","Dean A","Anakk S","Adeli K"]

METHODS:OBJECTIVE:Postprandial dyslipidemia is a common feature of insulin resistant states and contributes to increased cardiovascular disease risk. Recently, bile acids have been recognized beyond their emulsification properties as important signaling molecules that promote energy expenditure, improve insulin sensitivity, and lower fasting lipemia. While bile acid receptors have become novel pharmaceutical targets, their effects on postprandial lipid metabolism remain unclear. Here we investigated the potential role of bile acids in regulation of postprandial chylomicron production and triglyceride excursion. Approach and Results: Healthy C57BL/6 mice were given an intraduodenal infusion of taurocholic acid (TA) under fat-loaded conditions and circulating lipids were measured. Targeting of bile acid receptors was achieved with GW4064, a synthetic agonist to the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and with deoxycholic acid (DCA), an activator of the Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5. TA, GW4064, and DCA treatments all lowered postprandial lipemia. FXR agonism also reduced intestinal triglyceride content and activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, involved in chylomicron assembly. Importantly, TA effects (but not DCA) were largely lost in FXR knockout mice. These bile acid effects are reminiscent of the anti-diabetic hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). While the GLP-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 retained its ability to acutely lower postprandial lipemia during bile acid sequestration and FXR deficiency, it did raise hepatic expression of the rate limiting enzyme for bile acid synthesis. CONCLUSIONS:Bile acid signaling may be an important mechanism of controlling dietary lipid absorption and bile acid receptors may constitute novel targets for the treatment of postprandial dyslipidemia.

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