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Midbrain/pons area ratio and clinical features predict the prognosis of progressive Supranuclear palsy.
中脑/脑桥面积比和临床特征预测进行性核上性麻痹的预后。
- 影响因子:2.44
- DOI:10.1186/s12883-020-01692-6
- 作者列表:"Cui SS","Ling HW","Du JJ","Lin YQ","Pan J","Zhou HY","Wang G","Wang Y","Xiao Q","Liu J","Tan YY","Chen SD
- 发表时间:2020-03-30
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare movement disorder with poor prognosis. This retrospective study aimed to characterize the natural history of PSP and to find predictors of shorter survival and faster decline of activity of daily living. METHOD:All patients recruited fulfilled the movement disorder society (MDS) clinical diagnostic criteria for PSP (MDS-PSP criteria) for probable and possible PSP with median 12 years. Data were obtained including age, sex, date of onset, age at onset (AAO), symptoms reported at first visit and follow-up, date of death and date of institutionalization. Magnetic resonance imaging was collected at the first visit. Endpoints were death and institutionalization. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model were used to explore factors associated with early death and institutionalization. RESULTS:Fifty-nine patients fulfilling MDS-PSP criteria were enrolled in our study. Nineteen patients (32.2%) had died and 31 patients (52.5%) were institutionalized by the end of the follow-up. Predictors associated with poorer survival were late-onset PSP and decreased M/P area ratio. Predictors associated with earlier institutionalization were older AAO and decreased M/P area ratio. CONCLUSION:Older AAO and decreased M/P area ratio were predictors for earlier dearth and institutionalization in PSP. The neuroimaging biomarker M/P area ratio was a predictor for prognosis in PSP.
摘要
背景: 进行性核上性麻痹 (PSP) 是一种罕见的运动障碍性疾病,预后较差。这项回顾性研究旨在描述 PSP 的自然史,并找到生存期较短和日常生活活动能力下降较快的预测因素。 方法: 所有入选患者均符合运动障碍协会 (MDS) 对 PSP 的临床诊断标准 (MDS-PSP 标准),对可能和可能的 PSP 平均 12 年。获得的数据包括年龄、性别、发病日期、发病年龄 (AAO) 、初诊和随访时报告的症状、死亡日期和住院日期。初诊时收集磁共振成像。终点是死亡和制度化。采用 Kaplan-Meier 法和 Cox 比例风险模型探讨与早期死亡和机构化相关的因素。 结果: 59 例符合 MDS-PSP 标准的患者入选本研究。到随访结束时,19 例患者 (32.2%) 死亡,31 例患者 (52.5%) 被收容。与生存率较差相关的预测因子是晚发性 PSP 和 M/P 面积比降低。与早期机构化相关的预测因素是年龄较大的 AAO 和 M/P 面积比降低。 结论: 老年 AAO 和 M/P 面积比降低是 PSP 早期缺乏和制度化的预测因素。神经影像学生物标志物 M/P 面积比是 PSP 预后的预测因子。
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METHODS::Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder with clinical symptoms of neuroinflammation and demyelination in the central nervous system. Recently, herbal medicines are clinically effective against MS as the current disease-modifying drugs have limited effectiveness. Hence, the present study evaluated the therapeutic potential of Ocimum basilicum essential oil (OB) in ethidium bromide (EB)-induced cognitive deficits in the male rats. Further, the effect of OB (50, 100 and 200 μL/kg) was evaluated on EB-induced neuroinflammation, astrogliosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in the pre-frontal cortex (PFC) of the animals. The EB was injected through bilateral intracerebroventricular route into hippocampus to induce MS-like manifestations in the rats. OB (100 and 200 μL/kg) and Ursolic acid (UA) significantly reduced the EB-induced cognitive deficits in Morris water maze and Y-maze test paradigms. OB (100 and 200 μL/kg) and UA significantly attenuated the EB-induced neuroinflammation in terms of increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-6) in the rat PFC. Further, OB (100 and 200 μL/kg) and UA significantly attenuated the EB-induced astrogliosis in terms of increase in the levels of GFAP (Glial fibrillary acidic protein) and Iba-1 (Ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1) in the rat PFC. In addition, OB (100 and 200 μL/kg) and UA significantly attenuated the EB-induced decrease in the mitochondrial function, integrity, respiratory control rate and ADP/O in the PFC of the rodents. Moreover, OB (100 and 200 μL/kg) and UA significantly reduced the EB-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in the PFC of the rat. Hence, it can be presumed that OB could be a potential alternative drug candidate in the pharmacotherapy of MS.
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METHODS:BACKGROUND:Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) is a recently approved therapy for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. To date, there is a poor understanding of the mechanism of action and lack of in vivo biomarkers. We propose a method for investigating the in vivo stimulation effects using blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) MRI and present the brain activation pattern associated with ANT DBS. METHODS:Two patients undergoing ANT DBS for epilepsy underwent BOLD MRI using a block design after the DBS was programmed to alternate ON/OFF in 30 second blocks. The scanner was triggered utilizing surface electrophysiological recording to detect the DBS cycle. Nine total runs were obtained and were analyzed using a general linear model. RESULTS:Active ANT stimulation produced activation within several areas of the brain, including the thalamus, bilateral anterior cingulate and posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, medial prefrontal cortex, amygdala, ventral tegmental area, hippocampus, striatum, and right angular gyrus. CONCLUSIONS:Utilizing block-design BOLD MRI, we were able to show widespread activation resulting from ANT DBS. Overlap with multiple areas of both the default mode and limbic networks was shown suggesting that these nodes may modulate the effect of seizure control with ANT DBS.